ReviewInternational journal of environmental research and public health2010
Pathophysiological impact of cigarette smoke exposure on the cerebrovascular system with a focus on the blood-brain barrier: expanding the awareness of smoking toxicity in an underappreciated area.
Review in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 175 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Smoking on Recurrence and Angiographic Outcomes after Endovascular Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2025Pooled it
- Smoking and increased Alzheimer's disease risk: a review of potential mechanisms.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2014Pooled it
- Cigarette Smoking as a Risk Factor for Hematoma Expansion in Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Analysis From a Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Molecular impact of nicotine and smoking exposure on the developing and adult mouse brain.Addiction neuroscience · 2026Article
- Differential impact of smoking on intracerebral haemorrhage based on cerebral microbleed status: a case-control study.BMJ open · 2026Observational
- Cigarette Smoke Induces the Pro-inflammatory Response of Lung Macrophages via Activation of the IL-33/ST2-Dependent Pathway.Immune network · 2026Article
- Associations of cerebrospinal fluid metal ion profiles with depressive symptoms in active smokers: a cross-sectional network analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Prevention of cognitive decline and dementia: Current evidence on lifestyle factors and dietary patterns.EXCLI journal · 2026Review
- Comparative analysis and influencing factors of aneurysm wall characteristics based on artificial intelligence-assisted 3.0T MRI and 5.0T MRI high-resolution vascular wall imaging.BMC medical imaging · 2025Article
- Association Between Smoking and Amnesia in Southwest Iran: A Population-Based Cross-sectional Study.Journal of research in health sciences · 2025Article
- Protective effects of sesamol against cigarette smoke toxicity on the blood-brain barrier.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a prognostic scoring system for cognitive decline in adults aged 50 and older in China.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Review
- Respiratory Strength Training Versus Respiratory Relaxation Training in the Rehabilitation of Physical Impairment, Function, and Return to Participation After Stroke: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2024Article
- The association between childhood trauma and tobacco smoking in patients with psychosis, unaffected siblings, and healthy controls.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2024Article
- Comparative evaluation of cigarette smoke and a heated tobacco product on microglial toxicity, oxidative stress and inflammatory response.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Eucalyptus Wood Smoke Extract Elicits a Dose-Dependent Effect in Brain Endothelial Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Active and Passive Smoking as Catalysts for Cognitive Impairment in Rural Indonesia: A Population-based Study.Oman medical journal · 2024Article
- Changes in metabolic hormones and trace elements in CSF in active smokers indicate oxidative damage to brain cells.Endocrine connections · 2024Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent evidence has indicated that active and passive cigarette smoking are associated, in a dose-dependent manner, with dysfunction of normal endothelial physiology. Tobacco smoke (TS) may predispose individuals to atherogenic and thrombotic problems, significantly increasing the risk for ischemic manifestations such as acute coronary syndrome and stroke. Despite the strong evidence for an association between smoking and vascular impairment, the impact of TS exposure on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) has only been marginally addressed. This is a major problem given that the BBB is crucial in the maintenance of brain homeostasis. Recent data have also shown that chronic smokers have a higher incidence of small vessel ischemic disease (SVID), a pathological condition characterized by leaky brain microvessels and loss of BBB integrity. In the brain TS increases the risk of silent cerebral infarction (SCI) and stroke owing to the pro-coagulant and atherogenic effects of smoking. In this article we provide a detailed review and analysis of current knowledge of the pathophysiology of tobacco smoke toxicity at the cerebrovascular levels. We also discuss the potential toxicity of recently marketed "potential-reduced exposure products".
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.