ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2011
Cerebellar plasticity and the automation of first-order rules.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Role of the Human Cerebellum for Learning from and Processing of External Feedback in Non-Motor Learning: A Systematic Review.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2024Pooled it
- Differential vulnerability of the cerebellum in healthy ageing and Alzheimer's disease.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2021Pooled it
- Neural correlates of fine motor grasping skills: Longitudinal insights into motor cortex activation using fNIRS.Brain and behavior · 2024Trial
- Purkinje Cells in Crus I and II Encode the Visual Stimulus and the Impending Choice as Monkeys Learn a Reinforcement-Based Visuomotor Association Task.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Learning to Move and Plan like the Knight: Sequential Decision Making with a Novel Motor Mapping.Computational brain & behavior · 2025Article
- Mapping hippocampal-cerebellar functional connectivity across the human adult lifespan.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Dissociable habits of response preparation versus response initiation.Nature human behaviour · 2025Article
- Exploring the Therapeutic Effects and Mechanisms of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation on Improving Walking Ability in Stroke Patients via Modulating Cerebellar Gamma Frequency Band-a Narrative Review.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2024Review
- Cerebellar Volume and Disease Staging in Parkinson's Disease: An ENIGMA-PD Study.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2023Article
- Interindividual Brain and Behavior Differences in Adaptation to Unexpected Uncertainty.Biology · 2023Article
- Parallel processing relies on a distributed, low-dimensional cortico-cerebellar architecture.Network neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2023Article
- Early musical training shapes cortico-cerebellar structural covariation.Brain structure & function · 2022Article
- The Neurophysiology of the Cerebellum in Emotion.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Article
- Sensory acquisition functions of the cerebellum in verbal working memory.Brain structure & function · 2021Article
- Evidence for Hierarchical Cognitive Control in the Human Cerebellum.Current biology : CB · 2020Article
- Article
- Aberrant Resting-State Cerebellar-Cerebral Functional Connectivity in Methamphetamine-Dependent Individuals After Six Months Abstinence.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Article
- Article
- Review
- A Working Hypothesis for the Role of the Cerebellum in Impulsivity and Compulsivity.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Theories of corticocerebellar function propose roles for the cerebellum in automating motor control, a process thought to depend on plasticity in cerebellar circuits that exchange information with the motor cortex. Little is known, however, about automating behaviors beyond the motor domain. The present study tested the hypothesis that cerebellar plasticity also subserves the development of automaticity in behavior based on low-order rules. Human subjects were required to learn two sets of first-order rules in which visual stimuli of different shapes each arbitrarily instructed a particular finger movement. We used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to scan subjects while these response rules became increasingly automatic with practice, as assessed with a dual-task procedure. We found that the amplitude of the blood oxygenation level-dependent signal gradually decreased as a function of practice, as responses became increasingly automatic, and that this effect was greater for a set of rules that became automatic rapidly compared with a second set, which became automatic more slowly. These trial-by-trial activity changes occurred in Crus I of cerebellar cortical lobule HVIIA, in which neurons exchange information with the prefrontal cortex rather than the motor cortex. Activity in Crus I was time locked specifically to the processing of these rules, rather than to subsequent actions. The results support the hypothesis that decreases in cerebellar cortical activity underlie the automation of behavior, whether related to motor control and motor cortex or to response rules and prefrontal cortex.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.