Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21307199›Full record

ArticleJournal of virology2011

The proapoptotic Bcl-2 protein Bax plays an important role in the pathogenesis of reovirus encephalitis.

Heather M Berens, Kenneth L Tyler

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of virology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Mitigation of Diabetes Mellitus UsingJournal of diabetes research · 2024
    Article
  5. Cell Killing by Reovirus: Mechanisms and Consequences.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2023
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Circuit-specific enteric glia regulate intestinal motor neurocircuits.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Molecular mechanisms of estrogen receptorThe Journal of international medical research · 2019
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Oncotarget · 2017
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Heather M BerensDepartment of Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Kenneth L Tyler
United States Department of Veterans Affairs · USUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus · US

Funding

Molecular Pathogenesis of Infectious DiseasesT32AI052066 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI VAN DYK, LINDA F. · 2002 to 2022
$2.3M
Mechanisms of Apoptosis in the central nervous systemR01NS050138 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI TYLER, KENNETH L. · 2005 to 2009
$1.3M
Mechanisms of virus-induced apoptosis in neurons and CNSR01NS051403 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI TYLER, KENNETH L. · 2006 to 2010
$1.2M
NIAID NIH HHS 2T32 AI 052066NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI052066NINDS NIH HHS 1R01NS051403NINDS NIH HHS 5R01NS050138NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS050138NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS051403
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Encephalitis induced by reovirus serotype 3 (T3) strains results from the apoptotic death of infected neurons. Extrinsic apoptotic signaling is activated in reovirus-infected neurons in vitro and in vivo, but the role of intrinsic apoptosis signaling during encephalitis is largely unknown. Bax plays a key role in intrinsic apoptotic signaling in neurons by allowing the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c. We found Bax activation and cytochrome c release in neurons following infection of neonatal mice with T3 reoviruses. Bax(-/-) mice infected with T3 Abney (T3A) have reduced central nervous system (CNS) tissue injury and decreased apoptosis, despite viral replication that is similar to that in wild-type (WT) Bax(+/+) mice. In contrast, in the heart, T3A-infected Bax(-/-) mice have viral growth, caspase activation, and injury comparable to those in WT mice, indicating that the role of Bax in pathogenesis is organ specific. Nonmyocarditic T3 Dearing (T3D)-infected Bax(-/-) mice had delayed disease and enhanced survival compared to WT mice. T3D-infected Bax(-/-) mice had significantly lower viral titers and levels of activated caspase 3 in the brain despite unaffected transneuronal spread of virus. Cytochrome c and Smac release occurred in some reovirus-infected neurons in the absence of Bax; however, this was clearly reduced compared to levels seen in Bax(+/+) wild-type mice, indicating that Bax is necessary for efficient activation of proapoptotic mitochondrial signaling in infected neurons. Our studies suggest that Bax is important for reovirus growth and pathogenesis in neurons and that the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, mediated by Bax, is important for full expression of disease, CNS tissue injury, apoptosis, and viral growth in the CNS of reovirus-infected mice.

Indexed as

ApoptosisHost-Pathogen InteractionsAnimalsbcl-2-Associated X ProteinBrainEncephalitis, ViralHistocytochemistryMiceMice, KnockoutMicroscopyMolecular Sequence DataReoviridaeReoviridae InfectionsSequence Analysis, DNASurvival AnalysisBax protein, mousebcl-2-Associated X Protein

Identifiers

PMID21307199
PMCPMC3126143
OpenAlexW2078771104

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.