ArticleJournal of virology2011
Oligonucleotide motifs that disappear during the evolution of influenza virus in humans increase alpha interferon secretion by plasmacytoid dendritic cells.
Article in Journal of virology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Respiratory eukaryotic virome expansion and bacteriophage deficiency characterize childhood asthma.Scientific reports · 2023Article
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- The Slowing Rate of CpG Depletion in SARS-CoV-2 Genomes Is Consistent with Adaptations to the Human Host.Molecular biology and evolution · 2022Article
- The Heterogeneous Landscape and Early Evolution of Pathogen-Associated CpG Dinucleotides in SARS-CoV-2.Molecular biology and evolution · 2021Article
- Review
- Host Adaptive Evolution of Avian-Origin H3N2 Canine Influenza Virus.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- SARS-CoV-2 will constantly sweep its tracks: a vaccine containing CpG motifs in 'lasso' for the multi-faced virus.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2020Article
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- Synonymous genome recoding: a tool to explore microbial biology and new therapeutic strategies.Nucleic acids research · 2019Review
- Dinucleotide evolutionary dynamics in influenza A virus.Virus evolution · 2019Article
- Genetic Analysis and Evolutionary Changes of the Torque teno sus Virus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
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- Exploratory re-encoding of yellow fever virus genome: new insights for the design of live-attenuated viruses.Virus evolution · 2018Article
- Within-patient mutation frequencies reveal fitness costs of CpG dinucleotides and drastic amino acid changes in HIV.PLoS genetics · 2018Article
- Respiratory Influenza A Virus Infection Triggers Local and Systemic Natural Killer Cell ActivationFrontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Influenza Virus-Host Co-evolution. A Predator-Prey Relationship?Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
CpG motifs in an A/U context have been preferentially eliminated from classical H1N1 influenza virus genomes during virus evolution in humans. The hypothesis of the current work is that CpG motifs in a uracil context represent sequence patterns with the capacity to induce an immune response, and the avoidance of this immunostimulatory signal is the reason for the observed preferential decline. To analyze the immunogenicity of these domains, we used plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). pDCs express pattern recognition receptors, including Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), which recognizes guanosine- and uridine-rich viral single-stranded RNA (ssRNA), including influenza virus ssRNA. The signaling through TLR7 results in the induction of inflammatory cytokines and type I interferon (IFN-I), an essential process for the induction of specific adaptive immune responses and for mounting a robust antiviral response mediated by IFN-α. Secretion of IFN-α is also linked to the activation of other immune cells, potentially amplifying the effect of an initial IFN-α secretion. We therefore also examined the role of IFN-α-driven activation of NK cells as another source of selective pressure on the viral genome. We found direct evidence that CpG RNA motifs in a U-rich context control pDC activation and IFN-α-driven activation of NK cells, likely through TLR7. These data provide a potential explanation for the loss of CpG motifs from avian influenza viruses as they adapt to mammalian hosts. The selective decrease of CpG motifs surrounded by U/A may be a viral strategy to avoid immune recognition, a strategy likely shared by highly expressed human immune genes.
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