Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21306837›Full record

Trial reportDrug and alcohol dependence2011

A pilot randomized clinical trial of two medication adherence and drug use interventions for HIV+ crack cocaine users.

Karen S Ingersoll, Leah Farrell-Carnahan, Jessye Cohen-Filipic, Carolyn J Heckman, Sherry D Ceperich, Jennifer Hettema, Gabrielle Marzani-Nissen

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 18 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
60citing papers in PubMed, 18 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

60 citing papers in PubMed, 18 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  3. Psychosocial interventions for stimulant use disorder.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024
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  5. Complex solutions for a complex problem: A meta-analysis of the efficacy of multiple-behavior interventions on change in outcomes related to HIV.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2021
    Pooled it
  6. More behavioral recommendations produce more change: A meta-analysis of efficacy of multibehavior recommendations to reduce nonmedical substance use.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2020
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  14. Interventions to increase medication adherence in African-American and Latino populations: a literature review.Hawai'i journal of medicine & public health : a journal of Asia Pacific Medicine & Public Health · 2014
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  17. Motivational interviewing for improving outcomes in youth living with HIV.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2012
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Karen S IngersollDepartment of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22911, USA. kareningersoll@virginia.edu
Leah Farrell-Carnahan
Jessye Cohen-Filipic
Carolyn J Heckman
Sherry D Ceperich
Jennifer Hettema
Gabrielle Marzani-Nissen

Funding

Development of CART for HIV adherence and cocaine abuseR01DA016554 · NIDA · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI INGERSOLL, KAREN S · 2003 to 2006
$1.5M
NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA016554NIDA NIH HHS R01DA016554
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCrack cocaine use undermines adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). This pilot randomized clinical trial tested the feasibility and efficacy of 2 interventions based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skill model to improve HAART adherence and reduce crack cocaine problems.

methodsParticipants were 54 adults with crack cocaine use and HIV with <90% HAART adherence. Most participants were African-American (82%) heterosexual (59%), and crack cocaine dependent (92%). Average adherence was 58% in the past 2 weeks. Average viral loads (VL) were detectable (logVL 2.97). The interventions included 6 sessions of Motivational Interviewing plus feedback and skills building (MI+), or Video information plus debriefing (Video+) over 8 weeks. Primary outcomes were adherence by 14-day timeline follow-back and Addiction Severity Index (ASI) Drug Composite Scores at 3 and 6 months. Repeated measure ANOVA assessed main effects of the interventions and interactions by condition.

resultsSignificant increases in adherence and reductions in ASI Drug Composite Scores occurred in both conditions by 3 months and were maintained at 6 months, representing medium effect sizes. No between group differences were observed. No VL changes were observed in either group. Treatment credibility, retention, and satisfaction were high and not different by condition.

conclusionsA counseling and a video intervention both improved adherence and drug problems durably among people with crack cocaine use and poor adherence in this pilot study. The interventions should be tested further among drug users with poor adherence. Video interventions may be feasible and scalable for people with HIV and drug use.

Indexed as

Crack CocaineMedication AdherenceAdultAnti-Retroviral AgentsAntiretroviral Therapy, Highly ActiveBehavior TherapyCocaine-Related DisordersFemaleHIVHIV InfectionsHIV SeropositivityHumansInterview, PsychologicalMaleMotivationPatient ComplianceAnti-Retroviral AgentsCrack Cocaine

Identifiers

PMID21306837
PMCPMC3102141

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.