ArticleMolecular microbiology2011
A type III effector protease NleC from enteropathogenic Escherichia coli targets NF-κB for degradation.
Article in Molecular microbiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers.
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Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Evolution of N-terminal mechanical lability as a determinant for Type III secretion.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2026Article
- A Bifunctional T3SS-Effector Simultaneously Cleaves Host MAP Kinase and Inhibits PPM1A Phosphatase.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- A Type III secretion system effector evolved to be mechanically labile and initiate unfolding from the N-terminus.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Systematic Discovery of Pathogen Effector Functions across Human Pathogens and Pathways.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs) and Enteric Bacterial Pathogens: A Complex Interplay.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Speaking the host language: howMicrobiology (Reading, England) · 2023Review
- The subversion of toll-like receptor signaling by bacterial and viral proteases during the development of infectious diseases.Molecular aspects of medicine · 2022Review
- Host manipulation by bacterial type III and type IV secretion system effector proteases.Cellular microbiology · 2021Review
- The Galleria mellonella-Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Model System: Characterization of Pathogen Virulence and Insect Immune Responses.Journal of insect science (Online) · 2021Article
- NleB2 from enteropathogenic Escherichia coli is a novel arginine-glucose transferase effector.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- The T3SS Effector Protease NleC Is Active withinPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Measuring Effector-Mediated Modulation of Inflammatory Responses to Infection with Enteropathogenic and Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2021Article
- A Salmonella type III effector, PipA, works in a different manner than the PipA family effectors GogA and GtgA.PloS one · 2021Article
- Bacterial nucleomodulins: A coevolutionary adaptation to the eukaryotic command center.PLoS pathogens · 2021Review
- Article
- Giardia lamblia Decreases NF-κB p65Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Programmed Cell Death in the Evolutionary Race against Bacterial Virulence Factors.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2020Review
- Bacteria-Catalyzed Arginine Glycosylation in Pathogens and Host.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Many bacterial pathogens utilize a type III secretion system (T3SS) to inject virulence effector proteins into host cells during infection. Previously, we found that enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) uses the type III effector, NleE, to block the inflammatory response by inhibiting IκB degradation and nuclear translocation of the p65 subunit of NF-κB. Here we screened further effectors with unknown function for their capacity to prevent p65 nuclear translocation. We observed that ectopic expression of GFP-NleC in HeLa cells led to the degradation of p65. Delivery of NleC by the T3SS of EPEC also induced degradation of p65 in infected cells as well as other NF-κB components, c-Rel and p50. Recombinant His(6) -NleC induced p65 and p50 cleavage in HeLa cell lysates and mutation of a consensus zinc metalloprotease motif, HEIIH, abrogated NleC proteolytic activity. NleC inhibited IL-8 production during prolonged EPEC infection of HeLa cells in a protease activity-dependent manner. A double nleE/nleC mutant was further impaired for its ability to inhibit IL-8 secretion than either a single nleE or a single nleC mutant. We conclude that NleC is a type III effector protease that degrades NF-κB thereby contributing the arsenal of bacterial effectors that inhibit innate immune activation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.