ArticlePloS one2011
A low T regulatory cell response may contribute to both viral control and generalized immune activation in HIV controllers.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers.
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Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 138 citations in OpenAlex.
- HLA-B*14:02-Restricted Env-Specific CD8Journal of virology · 2017Trial
- Prospective antiretroviral treatment of asymptomatic, HIV-1 infected controllers.PLoS pathogens · 2013Trial
- Trial
- Early immune responses anticipate HIV rebound and precede viral control.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- HIV, Inflammation, and Immunometabolism: A Model of the Inflammatory Theory of Disease.Viruses · 2025Review
- Novel anoikis-related genes for the diagnosis of non-obstructive azoospermia.Translational andrology and urology · 2025Article
- Long-Term Elite Controllers of HIV-1 Infection Exhibit a Deep Perturbation of Monocyte Homeostasis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Multiparametric Immune Profiles and Their Potential Role in HIV-1 Disease Progression and Treatment.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Factors associated with oxidative stress in virologically suppressed people living with HIV on long-term antiretroviral therapy.AIDS research and therapy · 2024Article
- Adenosine A2AR in viral immune evasion and therapy: unveiling new avenues for treating COVID-19 and AIDS.Molecular biology reports · 2024Review
- The Complex Dysregulations of CD4 T Cell Subtypes in HIV Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Inflammatory and Immune Mechanisms for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in HIV.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Regulatory T cell frequency in peripheral blood of women with advanced cervical Cancer including women living with HIV.BMC cancer · 2023Article
- Non-AIDS-Defining Events in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Controllers Versus Antiretroviral Therapy-Controlled Patients: A Cohort Collaboration From the French National Agency for Research on AIDS CO21 (CODEX) and CO06 (PRIMO) Cohorts.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Article
- Role of NKG2a/ciScience · 2021Article
- New Potential Axes of HIV Neuropathogenesis with Relevance to Biomarkers and Treatment.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2021Article
- Crosstalk of Microorganisms and Immune Responses in Autoimmune Neuroinflammation: A Focus on Regulatory T Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- HIV-Related Immune Activation and Inflammation: Current Understanding and Strategies.Journal of immunology research · 2021 · on this mapReview
- Differential transcriptional and functional properties of regulatory T cells in HIV-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy and long-term non-progressors.Clinical & translational immunology · 2021Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
HIV-infected individuals maintaining undetectable viremia in the absence of therapy (HIV controllers) often maintain high HIV-specific T cell responses, which has spurred the development of vaccines eliciting HIV-specific T cell responses. However, controllers also often have abnormally high T cell activation levels, potentially contributing to T cell dysfunction, CD4+ T cell depletion, and non-AIDS morbidity. We hypothesized that a weak T regulatory cell (Treg) response might contribute to the control of viral replication in HIV controllers, but might also contribute to generalized immune activation, contributing to CD4+ T cell loss. To address these hypotheses, we measured frequencies of activated (CD38+ HLA-DR+), regulatory (CD4+CD25+CD127(dim)), HIV-specific, and CMV-specific T cells among HIV controllers and 3 control populations: HIV-infected individuals with treatment-mediated viral suppression (ART-suppressed), untreated HIV-infected "non-controllers" with high levels of viremia, and HIV-uninfected individuals. Despite abnormally high T cell activation levels, controllers had lower Treg frequencies than HIV-uninfected controls (P = 0.014). Supporting the propensity for an unusually low Treg response to viral infection in HIV controllers, we observed unusually high CMV-specific CD4+ T cell frequencies and a strong correlation between HIV-specific CD4+ T cell responses and generalized CD8+ T cell activation levels in HIV controllers (P ≤ 0.001). These data support a model in which low frequencies of Tregs in HIV controllers may contribute to an effective adaptive immune response, but may also contribute to generalized immune activation, potentially contributing to CD4 depletion.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.