Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21304167›Full record

ArticlemBio2011

Genome variation in Cryptococcus gattii, an emerging pathogen of immunocompetent hosts.

C A D'Souza, J W Kronstad, G Taylor, R Warren, M Yuen, G Hu, W H Jung, A Sham, S E Kidd, K Tangen and 31 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in mBio, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 135 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
135citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
12.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

135 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 214 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Tracing the evolution and genomic dynamics of mating-type loci inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Cryptococcal nutrient acquisition and pathogenesis: dining on the host.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025
    Review
  10. Adaptative Divergence ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  11. Epidemiological Study ofVeterinary sciences · 2025
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Comparative genomics ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Disruption of theRNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2023
    Article
  20. Genetic Diversity of Human Fungal Pathogens.Current clinical microbiology reports · 2023
    Article

75 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

41 authors at 15 institutions in 4 countries.

C A D'SouzaThe Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
J W Kronstad
G Taylor
R Warren
M Yuen
G Hu
W H Jung
A Sham
S E Kidd
K Tangen
N Lee
T Zeilmaker
J Sawkins
G McVicker
S Shah
S Gnerre
A Griggs
Q Zeng
K Bartlett
W Li
X Wang
J Heitman
J E Stajich
J A Fraser
W Meyer
D Carter
J Schein
M Krzywinski
K J Kwon-Chung
A Varma
J Wang
R Brunham
M Fyfe
B F F Ouellette
A Siddiqui
M Marra
S Jones
R Holt
B W Birren
J E Galagan
C A Cuomo
Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre · CAUniversity of British Columbia · CABroad Institute · USBC Cancer Agency · CAThe University of Sydney · AUBC Centre for Disease Control · CAChung-Ang University · KRDuke Medical Center · USDuke University · USDuke University Hospital · USIsland Health · CANational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases · USNational Institutes of Health · USThe University of Queensland · AUUniversity of California, Riverside · US

Funding

Large Scale Sequencing and Analysis of GenomesU54HG003067 · NHGRI · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI GABRIEL, STACEY, LANDER, ERIC S · 2004 to 2015
$568.6M
Structure, function, and evolution of the Cryptococcus MAT locusR01AI050113 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI HEITMAN, JOSEPH · 2002 to 2024
$8.5M
Comparative and functional genomics of C. neoformansR01AI053721 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA · PI KRONSTAD, JAMES W · 2003 to 2024
$5.4M
Genetics of Cryptococcus sexual reproductionR37AI039115 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI HEITMAN, JOSEPH · 2011 to 2020
$4.9M
CIHRHoward Hughes Medical Institute 55000640Intramural NIH HHSNHGRI NIH HHS U54 HG003067NHGRI NIH HHS U54HG003067NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI050113NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI053721NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI50113NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI039115
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cryptococcus gattii recently emerged as the causative agent of cryptococcosis in healthy individuals in western North America, despite previous characterization of the fungus as a pathogen in tropical or subtropical regions. As a foundation to study the genetics of virulence in this pathogen, we sequenced the genomes of a strain (WM276) representing the predominant global molecular type (VGI) and a clinical strain (R265) of the major genotype (VGIIa) causing disease in North America. We compared these C. gattii genomes with each other and with the genomes of representative strains of the two varieties of Cryptococcus neoformans that generally cause disease in immunocompromised people. Our comparisons included chromosome alignments, analysis of gene content and gene family evolution, and comparative genome hybridization (CGH). These studies revealed that the genomes of the two representative C. gattii strains (genotypes VGI and VGIIa) are colinear for the majority of chromosomes, with some minor rearrangements. However, multiortholog phylogenetic analysis and an evaluation of gene/sequence conservation support the existence of speciation within the C. gattii complex. More extensive chromosome rearrangements were observed upon comparison of the C. gattii and the C. neoformans genomes. Finally, CGH revealed considerable variation in clinical and environmental isolates as well as changes in chromosome copy numbers in C. gattii isolates displaying fluconazole heteroresistance.

Indexed as

Genetic VariationGenome, BacterialAnimalsAntifungal AgentsCryptococcosisCryptococcus gattiiDisease OutbreaksEvolution, MolecularFemaleGenotypeHost-Pathogen InteractionsHumansMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMolecular Sequence DataNorth AmericaAntifungal Agents

Identifiers

PMID21304167
PMCPMC3037005
OpenAlexW1993548583

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.