ReviewNeurobiology of disease2011
The functional neuroanatomy of dystonia.
Review in Neurobiology of disease, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 242 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
242 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 466 citations in OpenAlex.
- Deep brain stimulation for dystonia treatment in cerebral palsy: efficacy exploration.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2025Pooled it
- The Effect of Cerebellar rTMS on Modulating Motor Dysfunction in Neurological Disorders: a Systematic Review.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2023Pooled it
- Clinical and Structural Findings in Patients With Lesion-Induced Dystonia: Descriptive and Quantitative Analysis of Published Cases.Neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Parameters for subthalamic deep brain stimulation in patients with dystonia: a systematic review.Journal of neurology · 2022Pooled it
- The anatomical basis of upper limb dystonia: lesson from secondary cases.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2016Pooled it
- Altered sensorimotor activation patterns in idiopathic dystonia-an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of functional brain imaging studies.Human brain mapping · 2016Pooled it
- Inhibitory Circuits of the Sensorimotor Network are Not Modulated By Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Isolated Cervical Dystonia.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2026Trial
- Cause or effect: Altered brain and network activity in cervical dystonia is partially normalized by botulinum toxin treatment.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2019Trial
- Time-Dependent Enhancement of Motor Dexterity and Cerebellar Function via Premotor-Cerebellar Associative Stimulation.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Article
- Predictors of cognitive performance in idiopathic adult-onset dystonia.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Article
- Metabolic and Volumetric Alterations in the Basal Ganglia and the Cerebellum in Dopa-Responsive Dystonia in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic GCH1 Mutation Carriers.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2026Article
- High Evans Index in progressive supranuclear palsy may mimic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a retrospective cross-sectional study.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2026Article
- Distinct thalamic volumetric profiles in cervical and upper limb dystonia.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2026Article
- Generalized Dystonia in Fahr's Syndrome Secondary to Idiopathic Hypoparathyroidism: Improvement After Metabolic Correction.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Stuttering and Dystonia: Is There a Possible Overlap?Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Article
- Movement Disorders in Antibody-Associated Neurologic Diseases: A Nationwide Study.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Observational
- Resilience Mitigates the Link between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Musician's Dystonia: A Neuroendocrine and Psychological Perspective.Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Mapping the Neuroanatomy of Dystonia Using Causal Brain Lesions.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials are not disturbed in hemifacial spasm and blepharospasm.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2025Article
- Somato-Cognitive Action Network in Focal Dystonia.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2025Article
182 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Dystonia is a neurological disorder characterized by involuntary twisting movements and postures. There are many different clinical manifestations, and many different causes. The neuroanatomical substrates for dystonia are only partly understood. Although the traditional view localizes dystonia to basal ganglia circuits, there is increasing recognition that this view is inadequate for accommodating a substantial portion of available clinical and experimental evidence. A model in which several brain regions play a role in a network better accommodates the evidence. This network model accommodates neuropathological and neuroimaging evidence that dystonia may be associated with abnormalities in multiple different brain regions. It also accommodates animal studies showing that dystonic movements arise with manipulations of different brain regions. It is consistent with neurophysiological evidence suggesting defects in neural inhibitory processes, sensorimotor integration, and maladaptive plasticity. Finally, it may explain neurosurgical experience showing that targeting the basal ganglia is effective only for certain subpopulations of dystonia. Most importantly, the network model provides many new and testable hypotheses with direct relevance for new treatment strategies that go beyond the basal ganglia. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Advances in dystonia".
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.