ArticleJournal of gastroenterology2011
Impact of cigarette smoking on onset of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease over a 10-year period.
Article in Journal of gastroenterology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 142 citations in OpenAlex.
- The relationship between tobacco and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Ethnicity matters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Non-Linear Relationship Between Alcohol Consumption and Prevalence and Incidence of Hepatic Steatosis.EBioMedicine · 2016Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Smoking and Risk of Hepatic Steatosis Within the MASLD Spectrum in Korean Young Adults.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Article
- Antioxidant-rich and fibre-enhanced diets reduce liver fibrosis risk in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: latent class analysis of a cohort study.The British journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Smoking and liver diseases: an updated review of pathogenesis, progression, and therapeutic implications.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Associations of an overall healthy lifestyle with the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Optimizing lifestyle profiles is potential for preventing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and enhancing its survival.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Hepatic steatosis induced by nicotine plus Coca-Cola™ is prevented by nicotinamide riboside (NR).Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Effects of Fish Oil Supplementation on Reducing the Effects of Paternal Obesity and Preventing Fatty Liver in Offspring.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Gene Variants Implicated in Steatotic Liver Disease: Opportunities for Diagnostics and Therapeutics.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Lipid metabolism, BMI and the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the general population: evidence from a mediation analysis.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Article
- Association of Change in Smoking Status and Subsequent Weight Change with Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.Gut and liver · 2023Article
- Incidence and risk factors of postoperative nausea and vomiting following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and its relationship with Helicobacter pylori: A propensity score matching analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Bridging the Gap: Exploring the Preclinical Potential ofEvidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2023Article
- Induction mechanism of cigarette smoke components (CSCs) on dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis in rats.Lipids in health and disease · 2022Article
- Sex and age differences in the association of fatty liver index-defined non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with cardiometabolic risk factors: a cross-sectional study.Biology of sex differences · 2022Article
- Consumption of two meals per day is associated with increased intrapancreatic fat deposition in patients with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective study.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2022Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMetabolic syndrome, which includes obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, is a major risk factor for the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Cigarette smoking is a well-known risk factor for metabolic syndrome, but the epidemiological impact of cigarette smoking on development of NAFLD is unclear.
methodsIn this retrospective study, 2,029 subjects underwent a complete medical health checkup in 1998 and again in 2008. Those who were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen or hepatitis C virus antibody, or had an alcohol intake of > 20 g/day as assessed by questionnaire, were excluded. Fatty liver was diagnosed by abdominal ultrasonography. Independent risk factors associated with the development of NAFLD were determined by multiple logistic regression analysis. Smoking status was expressed using the Brinkman index (BI), which was calculated as the number of cigarettes smoked per day multiplied by the number of years of smoking.
resultsOf 1,560 subjects without NAFLD in 1998, 266 (17.1%) were newly diagnosed with NAFLD in 2008. Multiple logistic analysis identified age [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 0.95, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.94-0.97], male sex (AOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.01-2.10), body mass index ≥ 25 (AOR 3.08, 95% CI 2.20-4.32), dyslipidemia (AOR 1.79, 95% CI 1.25-2.58) and cigarette smoking (AOR 1.91, 95% CI 1.34-2.72) as risk factors associated with the development of NAFLD. Smoking status at baseline was also associated with the development of NAFLD (BI 1-399: AOR 1.77, 95% CI 1.02-3.07, BI ≥ 400: AOR 2.04, 95% CI 1.37-3.03).
conclusionCigarette smoking is an independent risk factor for onset of NAFLD.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.