ReviewEuropean journal of pediatrics2011
Apnea of prematurity: from cause to treatment.
Review in European journal of pediatrics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02293824 (Effect of Feedings on Caffeine Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism in Premature Infants), which is not on this map. Cited by 86 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Feedings on Caffeine Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism in Premature Infants
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 225 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety and efficacy of proton pump inhibitors in preterm infants with gastroesophageal reflux disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Doxapram for the prevention and treatment of apnea in preterm infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Different Maintenance Doses of Caffeine Citrate for Treatment of Apnea in Premature Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.BioMed research international · 2018Pooled it
- Body positioning for spontaneously breathing preterm infants with apnoea.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- [Clinical effect and safety of different maintenance doses of caffeine citrate in treatment of apnea in very low birth weight preterm infants: a prospective randomized controlled trial].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2019Trial
- Risk of apnoea-related cardiorespiratory instability in preterm infants is modulated by clinical, demographic and dynamic indicators.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Timing of Magnesium Sulfate Cessation and Apnea of Prematurity in Late-Preterm Twin Infants.Pediatric pulmonology · 2026Article
- Putative mechanisms of caffeine as a neuroprotectant in preterm infants.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Radar-Based Monitoring: A Proof of Principle Study in a Piglet Model for a Novel Approach in Non-Contact Vital Sign Monitoring.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Definitions and monitoring methods for apnea in preterm infants: a scoping review.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Changes in Lung Volume and Ventilation During Apnoea of Prematurity Using EIT.Pediatric pulmonology · 2025Article
- Alterations in diaphragmatic activity preceding and during intermittent hypoxaemia events in preterm infants.BMJ paediatrics open · 2025Observational
- Association of monocyte to lymphocyte ratio with length of stay in intensive care unit in neonatal apnea modified by treatment.Translational pediatrics · 2025Article
- The Use of Caffeine Citrate in the Management of Neonatal Apnea in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Rapid Systematic Review.Health science reports · 2025Review
- Short apneas and periodic breathing in preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit-Effects of sleep position, sleep state, and age.Journal of sleep research · 2025Observational
- Effect of Study-Duration and Time of Day on Multichannel Sleep Study Findings in Former Preterm Infants.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Protective Effects of Early Neonatal Methylxanthine Treatment on Cognitive and Language Outcomes in Premature Infants with and without High-Risk Perinatal Factors.Developmental neuroscience · 2025Article
- Protection from oxygen-glucose deprivation by neurosteroid treatment in primary neurons and oligodendrocytes.In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal · 2024Article
- Postnatal steroids as lung protective and anti-inflammatory in preterm lambs exposed to antenatal inflammation.Pediatric research · 2024Article
- Developmental consequences of short apneas and periodic breathing in preterm infants.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2023Article
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Apnea of prematurity (AOP) is a common problem affecting premature infants, likely secondary to a "physiologic" immaturity of respiratory control that may be exacerbated by neonatal disease. These include altered ventilatory responses to hypoxia, hypercapnia, and altered sleep states, while the roles of gastroesophageal reflux and anemia remain controversial. Standard clinical management of the obstructive subtype of AOP includes prone positioning and continuous positive or nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation to prevent pharyngeal collapse and alveolar atelectasis, while methylxanthine therapy is a mainstay of treatment of central apnea by stimulating the central nervous system and respiratory muscle function. Other therapies, including kangaroo care, red blood cell transfusions, and CO(2) inhalation, require further study. The physiology and pathophysiology behind AOP are discussed, including the laryngeal chemoreflex and sensitivity to inhibitory neurotransmitters, as are the mechanisms by which different therapies may work and the potential long-term neurodevelopmental consequences of AOP and its treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.