Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21300675›Full record

ArticlePediatrics2011

Patterns of comorbidity, functioning, and service use for US children with ADHD, 2007.

Kandyce Larson, Shirley A Russ, Robert S Kahn, Neal Halfon

Registry-linked trialAbstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Pediatrics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02344784 (The Characteristics of Prepulse Inhibition in Children and Adolescents Suffering From Attention Deficit Disorder), which is not on this map. Cited by 214 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
214citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02344784 unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2015, after this paper: background citation

The Characteristics of Prepulse Inhibition in Children and Adolescents Suffering From Attention Deficit Disorder: With and Without Medication.

TypeobservationalSponsorHaEmek Medical Center, IsraelRan2015 to 2017Enrolled46ConditionsAttention Deficit DisorderArmsSR-HLAB EMG, Methylphenidate
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

214 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  4. Shared genetic background between children and adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2020
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  10. Practitioner Review: Pathways to care for ADHD - a systematic review of barriers and facilitators.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2015
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154 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Kandyce LarsonUCLA Center for Healthier Children, Families, and Communities, 10990 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 900, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA. kandyce@ucla.edu
Shirley A Russ
Robert S Kahn
Neal Halfon

Funding

PHS HHS 2T76M600014:11
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo determine patterns of comorbidity, functioning, and service use for US children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

methodsBivariate and multivariable cross-sectional analyses were conducted on data from the 2007 National Survey of Children's Health on 61 779 children ages 6 to 17 years, including 5028 with ADHD.

resultsParent-reported diagnosed prevalence of ADHD was 8.2%. Children with ADHD were more likely to have other mental health and neurodevelopmental conditions. Parents reported that 46% of children with ADHD had a learning disability versus 5% without ADHD, 27% vs 2% had a conduct disorder, 18% vs 2% anxiety, 14% vs 1% depression, and 12% vs 3% speech problems (all P < .05). Most children with ADHD had at least 1 comorbid disorder: 33% had 1, 16% had 2, and 18% had 3 or more. The risk for having 3 or more comorbidities was 3.8 times higher for poor versus affluent children (30% vs 8%). Children with ADHD had higher odds of activity restriction (odds ratio: 4.14 [95% confidence interval: 3.34-5.15]), school problems (odds ratio: 5.18 [95% confidence interval: 4.47-6.01]), grade repetition, and poor parent-child communication, whereas social competence scores were lower and parent aggravation higher. Functioning declined in a stepwise fashion with increasing numbers of comorbidities, and use of health and educational services and need for care coordination increased.

conclusionsClinical management of ADHD must address multiple comorbid conditions and manage a range of adverse functional outcomes. Therapeutic approaches should be responsive to each child's neurodevelopmental profile, tailored to their unique social and family circumstances, and integrated with educational, mental health and social support services.

Indexed as

Mental HealthAdolescentAnxiety DisordersAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityChildComorbidityCross-Sectional StudiesDelivery of Health Care, IntegratedHumansLearning DisabilitiesMental DisordersPrevalenceRetrospective StudiesUnited States

Identifiers

PMID21300675
PMCPMC3065146

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.