ArticleAIDS (London, England)2011
Global trends in molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 during 2000-2007.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04453436 (HIV Drug Resistance Profiles Among Individuals Failing Tenofovir/Lamivudine and Dolutegravir First Line Regimen in Brazil), which is not on this map. Cited by 362 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
HIV Drug Resistance Profiles Among Individuals Failing Tenofovir/Lamivudine and Dolutegravir First Line Regimen in Brazil
Who cites it
362 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Geographic Distribution and Temporal Trends of HIV-1 Subtypes through Heterosexual Transmission in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2017Pooled it
- Prevalence of different HIV-1 subtypes in sexual transmission in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Epidemiology and infection · 2016Pooled it
- Neruodevelopmental Outcomes in Preschool Children Living With HIV-1 Subtypes A and D in Uganda.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2018Trial
- Design of the Indian NCA study (Indian national collaboration on AIDS): a cluster randomized trial to evaluate the effectiveness of integrated care centers to improve HIV outcomes among men who have sex with men and persons who inject drugs in India.BMC health services research · 2016Trial
- Community viral load, antiretroviral therapy coverage, and HIV incidence in India: a cross-sectional, comparative study.The lancet. HIV · 2016Trial
- HIV-1 variants in population-based national surveys in sub-Saharan Africa, 2015-2022.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- The Gene Encoding the Antisense Protein ASP of HIV-1: Origin, Distribution and Maintenance.Viruses · 2026Review
- Evolutionary dynamics of HIV-1 recombinants: analysis of contemporary and historical viral populations in East Africa.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Epidemiological links of HIV-1 CRF01_AE among MSM in Northern Vietnam and Japan.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Observational
- Review
- Single-cell delineation of strain-specific HIV-1 Vif activities using dual reporter sensor cells and live cell imaging.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- The origin and dissemination of HIV-1 subtype B on Hainan Island, South China, 2007-2024.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- The importance of epistasis in the evolution of viral pathogens.Virus evolution · 2025Review
- Article
- Article
- Spatial-temporal transmission dynamics of HIV-1 CRF01_AE in Indonesia.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The emergence and circulation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 subtype C.Journal of medical microbiology · 2024Article
- Dynamics and features of transmission clusters of HIV-1 subtypes in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Optimization of genetic distance threshold for inferring the CRF01_AE molecular network based on next-generation sequencing.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Article
302 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the global and regional distribution of HIV-1 subtypes and recombinants between 2000 and 2007.
designCountry-specific HIV-1 molecular epidemiology data were combined with estimates of the number of HIV-infected people in each country.
methodsCross-sectional HIV-1 subtyping data were collected from 65 913 samples in 109 countries between 2000 and 2007. The distribution of HIV-1 subtypes in individual countries was weighted according to the number of HIV-infected people in each country to generate estimates of regional and global HIV-1 subtype distribution for the periods 2000-2003 and 2004-2007.
resultsAnalysis of the global distribution of HIV-1 subtypes and recombinants in the two periods indicated a broadly stable distribution of HIV-1 subtypes worldwide with a notable increase in the proportion of circulating recombinant forms (CRFs), a decrease in unique recombinant forms (URFs) and an overall increase in recombinants. In 2004-2007, subtype C accounted for nearly half (48%) of all global infections, followed by subtypes A (12%) and B (11%), CRF02_AG (8%), CRF01_AE (5%), subtype G (5%) and D (2%). Subtypes F, H, J and K together cause fewer than 1% of infections worldwide. Other CRFs and URFs are each responsible for 4% of global infections, bringing the combined total of worldwide CRFs to 16% and all recombinants (CRFs along with URFs) to 20%.
conclusionThe global and regional distributions of individual subtypes and recombinants are broadly stable, although CRFs may play an increasing role in the HIV pandemic. The global diversity of HIV-1 poses a formidable challenge to HIV vaccine development.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.