ArticlePsychopharmacology2011
Is all risk bad? Young adult cigarette smokers fail to take adaptive risk in a laboratory decision-making test.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risky decision-making in individuals with substance use disorder: A meta-analysis and meta-regression review.Psychopharmacology · 2020Pooled it
- Preliminary evidence for normalization of risk taking by modafinil in chronic cocaine users.Addictive behaviors · 2014Trial
- Risk-taking and alcohol use disorders symptomatology in a sample of problem drinkers.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2011Trial
- The effects of sound in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task.Behavior research methods · 2023Article
- Polygenic contributions to performance on the Balloon Analogue Risk Task.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Article
- Risky decision-making strategies mediate the relationship between amygdala activity and real-world financial savings among individuals from lower income households: A pilot study.Behavioural brain research · 2022Article
- A Bayesian method for measuring risk propensity in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task.Behavior research methods · 2022Article
- Appropriately Tuning Stochastic-Psychometric Properties of the Balloon Analog Risk Task.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Daily cannabis use in adolescents who smoke tobacco is associated with altered late-stage feedback processing: A high-density electrical mapping study.Journal of psychiatric research · 2021Article
- A Joint Modelling Approach to Analyze Risky Decisions by Means of Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Behavioural Data.Brain sciences · 2020Article
- Altered Reward Processing System in Internet Gaming Disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Article
- A fractionated analysis of hot and cool self-regulation in cigarette smokers from different socioeconomic backgrounds.PloS one · 2019Article
- Extending the Balloon Analogue Risk Task to Assess Naturalistic Risk Taking via a Mobile Platform.Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment · 2018Article
- Clinical models of decision making in addiction.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2018Review
- Neural underpinnings of maladaptive decision-making in addictions.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2018Review
- Early-onset Conduct Problems: Predictions from daring temperament and risk taking behavior.Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment · 2017Article
- A neural network that links brain function, white-matter structure and risky behavior.NeuroImage · 2017Article
- Dissecting impulsivity and its relationships to drug addictions.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2014Review
- Risky decision making, prefrontal cortex, and mesocorticolimbic functional connectivity in methamphetamine dependence.JAMA psychiatry · 2014Article
- Greater risk sensitivity of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in young smokers than in nonsmokers.Psychopharmacology · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleCigarette smoking has been linked to real-world risky behavior, but this association has been based largely on retrospective self-reports. Limitations of self-report data can be avoided by using laboratory, performance-based measures, such as the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART; Lejuez et al., J Exp Psychol Appl 8:75-84, 2002). Initial studies have suggested that smokers display greater risk-taking on this task than nonsmokers, but these studies did not account for drug abuse and psychiatric comorbidities, which are commonplace among smokers.
objectivesWe sought to examine the performance of smokers and nonsmokers on the BART after excluding drug abuse and psychiatric comorbidities.
methodsWe conducted a study of late adolescent/young adult (age 18 to 21) smokers (n = 26) and nonsmokers (n = 38) performing the BART and excluded individuals with positive drug or alcohol toxicology screens, substance abuse or dependence diagnoses, and/or current psychiatric conditions.
resultsContrary to previous findings, smokers did not display greater risk-taking on the BART than nonsmokers. In fact, when performance was examined trial-by-trial, the nonsmokers displayed progressively greater pumping relative to smokers over time (p < .001), earning them a nonsignificantly greater amount of money than the smokers. Controlling for smoking status, additional analyses revealed that pumping on the BART was positively associated with years of education, nonverbal IQ, and employment.
conclusionsThe results suggest that in young adults, smoking may be associated with a failure to take risks in situations where risk-taking is adaptive.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.