Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21291269›Full record

ArticleACS chemical biology2011

Discovery of a potential allosteric ligand binding site in CDK2.

Stephane Betzi, Riazul Alam, Mathew Martin, Donna J Lubbers, Huijong Han, Sudhakar R Jakkaraj, Gunda I Georg, Ernst Schönbrunn

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS chemical biology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
76citing papers in PubMed
5.9field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

76 citing papers in PubMed, 177 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Targeting CDKs in the RNAPII transcription cycle.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Directional information flow as a tool for analyzing protein allostery.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Lucidin fromPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Slower CDK4 and faster CDK2 activation in the cell cycle.Structure (London, England : 1993) · 2024
    Article

16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Stephane BetziDrug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.
Riazul Alam
Mathew Martin
Donna J Lubbers
Huijong Han
Sudhakar R Jakkaraj
Gunda I Georg
Ernst Schönbrunn
Moffitt Cancer Center · USUniversity of Minnesota · US

Funding

TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCHP30CA076292 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI KENNETH Lynn WRIGHT · 1998 to 2026
$93.5M
Small Molecule Inhibitors of DMRT1-Regulated Target Genes as Male ContraceptivesU54HD055763 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS MEDICAL CENTER · PI KINSEY, WILLIAM H · 2007 to 2011
$9.7M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA076292NICHD NIH HHS N01 HD053400NICHD NIH HHS N01-HD055763NICHD NIH HHS U54 HD055763NICHD NIH HHS U54-HD53400
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key regulatory enzymes in cell cycle progression and transcription. Aberrant activity of CDKs has been implicated in a number of medical conditions, and numerous small molecule CDK inhibitors have been reported as potential drug leads. However, these inhibitors exclusively bind to the ATP site, which is largely conserved among protein kinases, and clinical trials have not resulted in viable drug candidates, attributed in part to the lack of target selectivity. CDKs are unique among protein kinases, as their functionality strictly depends on association with their partner proteins, the cyclins. In an effort to identify potential target sites for disruption of the CDK-cyclin interaction, we probed the extrinsic fluorophore 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonate (ANS) with human CDK2 and cyclin A using fluorescence spectroscopy and protein crystallography. ANS interacts with free CDK2 in a saturation-dependent manner with an apparent K(d) of 37 μM, and cyclin A displaced ANS from CDK2 with an EC(50) value of 0.6 μM. Co-crystal structures with ANS alone and in ternary complex with ATP site-directed inhibitors revealed two ANS molecules bound adjacent to one another, away from the ATP site, in a large pocket that extends from the DFG region above the C-helix. Binding of ANS is accompanied by substantial structural changes in CDK2, resulting in a C-helix conformation that is incompatible for cyclin A association. These findings indicate the potential of the ANS binding pocket as a new target site for allosteric inhibitors disrupting the interaction of CDKs and cyclins.

Indexed as

Allosteric SiteAnilino NaphthalenesulfonatesCrystallography, X-RayCyclin ACyclin-Dependent Kinase 2HumansImidazolesIndolesLigandsProtein ConformationSpectrometry, Fluorescence8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acidAnilino NaphthalenesulfonatesCDK2 protein, humanCyclin ACyclin-Dependent Kinase 2ImidazolesIndolesLigandsSU 9516

Identifiers

PMID21291269
PMCPMC3098941
OpenAlexW2091893155

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.