ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2011
Distinct clinical and immunologic profiles in severe malarial anemia and cerebral malaria in Zambia.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of MIP-1α and MIP-1β Chemokines in Malaria in Relation to Disease Severity.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Pooled it
- Elevation of serum interleukin-1β levels as a potential indicator for malarial infection and severe malaria: a meta-analysis.Malaria journal · 2022Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of blood interleukin-4 levels concerning malaria infection and severity.Malaria journal · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Association of cerebral malaria and TNF-α levels: a systematic review.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Pooled it
- Association between anthropometry-based nutritional status and malaria: a systematic review of observational studies.Malaria journal · 2015Pooled it
- The CYB5R3American journal of hematology · 2020Trial
- Affinity proteomics reveals elevated muscle proteins in plasma of children with cerebral malaria.PLoS pathogens · 2014Trial
- Prolonged dysregulation of gene expression and biomarkers of coagulation, fibrinolysis, and endothelium in pediatric central nervous system malaria.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Reduction in Asymptomatic falciparum malaria infection amongst schoolchildren in three ecological zones of Ghana between 2017 and 2023.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Iron homeostasis and cytokine responses in Gabonese children with febrile illness.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Elevated Levels of PDGF-BB and VEGF Are Associated With a Decreased Risk of Readmission or Death in Children With Severe Malarial Anemia.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Characterization of experimental cerebral malaria by volumetric MRI A comparative study across the sexes.PloS one · 2025Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with cerebral malaria among children aged 6 to 59 months with severe malaria in Western Uganda: a hospital-based cross-sectional study.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Cytokine profiles in adults with imported malaria.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Proportion Estimates of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) in Malaria.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Review
- The ability of Interleukin-10 to negate haemozoin-related pro-inflammatory effects has the potential to restore impaired macrophage function associated with malaria infection.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- Relation between Increased IL-10 Levels and Malaria Severity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Review
- Association between Elevated TNF-α Levels and Severe Malaria.Galen medical journal · 2023Article
- Beyond cuts and scrapes: plasmin in malaria and other vector-borne diseases.Trends in parasitology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe mechanisms of severe malarial anemia and cerebral malaria, which are extreme manifestations of Plasmodium falciparum malaria, are not fully understood.
methodsChildren aged <6 years from southern Zambia presenting to the hospital with severe malarial anemia (n = 72), cerebral malaria (n = 28), or uncomplicated malaria (n = 66) were studied prospectively. Children with overlapping severe anemia and cerebral malaria were excluded.
resultsLow interleukin 10 concentrations had the strongest association with severe anemia (standard β = .61; P < .001) followed by high tumor necrosis factor α and sFas concentrations, low weight-for-age z scores, presence of stool parasites, and splenomegaly (standard β = .15-.25; P ≤ .031); most of these factors were also associated with lower reticulocytes. Greater parasitemia was associated with higher interleukin 10 and tumor necrosis factor α concentrations, whereas sulfadoxizole/pyrimethamine therapy and lower weight-for-age z scores were associated with lower interleukin 10 levels. Thrombocytopenia and elevated tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 levels had the strongest associations with cerebral malaria (standard β = .37 or .36; P < .0001), followed by exposure to traditional herbal medicine and hemoglobinuria (standard β = .21-.31; P ≤ .006).
conclusionsPredictors of severe malarial anemia (altered immune responses, poor nutrition, intestinal parasites, and impaired erythropoiesis) differed from those of cerebral malaria (thrombocytopenia, herbal medicine, and intravascular hemolysis). Improved preventive and therapeutic measures may need to consider these differences.
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