Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21285944›Full record

ArticleThe EMBO journal2011

Small RNA-mediated regulation of iPS cell generation.

Zhonghan Li, Chao-Shun Yang, Katsuhiko Nakashima, Tariq M Rana

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The EMBO journal, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 173 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
173citing papers in PubMed
21.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

173 citing papers in PubMed, 302 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. The Mammalian Oocyte: A Central Hub for Cellular Reprogramming and Stemness.Stem cells and cloning : advances and applications · 2025
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113 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Zhonghan LiProgram for RNA Biology, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Chao-Shun Yang
Katsuhiko Nakashima
Tariq M Rana
University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School · US

Funding

Mechanisms of innate immunity against HIVR01AI043198 · NIAID · UNIV OF MED/DENT NJ-R W JOHNSON MED SCH · PI RANA, TARIQ M · 1998 to 2014
$4.7M
STRUCTURE/FUNCTION OF HIV TAT-TAR COMPLEXR01AI041404 · NIAID · UNIV OF MED/DENT NJ-R W JOHNSON MED SCH · PI RANA, TARIQ M · 1997 to 2013
$4.3M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI041404NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI043198
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Somatic cells can be reprogrammed to an ES-like state to create induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by ectopic expression of four transcription factors, Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and cMyc. Here, we show that cellular microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate iPSC generation. Knock-down of key microRNA pathway proteins resulted in significant decreases in reprogramming efficiency. Three miRNA clusters, miR-17∼92, miR-106b∼25 and miR-106a∼363, were shown to be highly induced during early reprogramming stages. Several miRNAs, including miR-93 and miR-106b, which have very similar seed regions, greatly enhanced iPSC induction and modulated mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition step in the initiation stage of reprogramming, and inhibiting these miRNAs significantly decreased reprogramming efficiency. Moreover, miR-iPSC clones reached the fully reprogrammed state. Further analysis revealed that Tgfbr2 and p21 are directly targeted by these miRNAs and that siRNA knock-down of both genes indeed enhanced iPSC induction. Here, for the first time, we demonstrate that miR-93 and its family members directly target TGF-β receptor II to enhance iPSC generation. Overall, we demonstrate that miRNAs function in the reprogramming process and that iPSC induction efficiency can be greatly enhanced by modulating miRNA levels in cells.

Indexed as

Cellular ReprogrammingRNA Processing, Post-TranscriptionalAnimalsBiomarkers, TumorBlotting, WesternCell DedifferentiationCell DifferentiationCell ProliferationCells, CulturedEmbryo, MammalianEmbryonic Stem CellsEpithelial-Mesenchymal TransitionFibroblastsGene Expression ProfilingInduced Pluripotent Stem CellsKruppel-Like Factor 4Biomarkers, TumorKlf4 protein, mouseKruppel-Like Factor 4LuciferasesMicroRNAsNuclear ProteinsReceptors, Transforming Growth Factor betaRNA, MessengerRNA, Small InterferingTransforming Growth Factor beta

Identifiers

PMID21285944
PMCPMC3049216
OpenAlexW2143971829

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.