ArticleGut pathogens2011
Acne vulgaris, probiotics and the gut-brain-skin axis - back to the future?
Article in Gut pathogens, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 285 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lactobacillus-Based Microbiome Therapy for Acne Vulgaris: A GRADE Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2026Pooled it
- Regulatory effects of Lactobacillus plantarum HY7714 on skin health by improving intestinal condition.PloS one · 2020Trial
- Spatial concordance metrics and related risk factors of brain-peripheral barrier axes: unveiling distinct concordance patterns for mental and neurological axes.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Article
- Unravelling the causal link between gut microbiota and acne risk using a genetic approach.Skin health and disease · 2025Article
- The Impact of Probiotics on Acne Vulgaris: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Cureus · 2025Review
- Morphological and histopathological study of edible bird's nest on wound healing in mice.Journal of molecular histology · 2025Article
- Obesity: A Modulator in Acne Management.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2025Review
- Paraprobiotics Mitigate Inflammation and Anxiety-Like Behavior in a Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Mouse Model.Current microbiology · 2025Article
- An Indole-Rich Postbiotic Reduces Itching in Dogs: A Randomized, Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Study.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Integrated multi-omics reveals different host crosstalk of atopic dermatitis-enriched Bifidobacterium longum Strains.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Article
- Review
- First Report on Microbial-Derived Polydeoxyribonucleotide: A Sustainable and Enhanced Alternative to Salmon-Based Polydeoxyribonucleotide.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Effects of Bacillus coagulans (GBI-30, 6086) supplementation on apparent total tract nutrient digestibility and the fecal characteristics and metabolites, immunity, and microbiota of healthy adult dogs.Journal of animal science · 2025Article
- Exploring Social Avoidance and Psychosocial Factors in Young Adults with Acne in East China.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2025Article
- The Mechanism and Research Progress of Skin Microbiota in Pathogenesis of Acne.Dermatology research and practice · 2025Review
- Review
- The Role of Probiotics in Skin Care: Advances, Challenges, and Future Needs.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2024Review
- Nutritional and Microbial Strategies for Treating Acne, Alopecia, and Atopic Dermatitis.Nutrients · 2024Review
- The gut-facial aging axis: A two-sample Mendelian randomization and mediation analysis of gut microbiota, gut microbiota metabolic pathways, and blood metabolites.Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) · 2024Article
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Over 70 years have passed since dermatologists John H. Stokes and Donald M. Pillsbury first proposed a gastrointestinal mechanism for the overlap between depression, anxiety and skin conditions such as acne. Stokes and Pillsbury hypothesized that emotional states might alter the normal intestinal microflora, increase intestinal permeability and contribute to systemic inflammation. Among the remedies advocated by Stokes and Pillsbury were Lactobacillus acidophilus cultures. Many aspects of this gut-brain-skin unifying theory have recently been validated. The ability of the gut microbiota and oral probiotics to influence systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, glycemic control, tissue lipid content and even mood itself, may have important implications in acne. The intestinal microflora may also provide a twist to the developing diet and acne research. Here we provide a historical perspective to the contemporary investigations and clinical implications of the gut-brain-skin connection in acne.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.