Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21280899›Full record

ArticleJournal of biomedical optics

Probe pressure effects on human skin diffuse reflectance and fluorescence spectroscopy measurements.

Liang Lim, Brandon Nichols, Narasimhan Rajaram, James W Tunnell

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of biomedical optics. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. A neuromorphic robotic electronic skin with active pain and injury perception.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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  6. Understanding the sources of errors inBiomedical optics express · 2021
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  9. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Liang LimThe University of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 1 University Station C0800, Austin, Texas 78712, USA. sam.liang.lim@mail.utexas.edu
Brandon Nichols
Narasimhan Rajaram
James W Tunnell

Funding

Metal nanoparticle-mediated diagnosis, targeting, and treatment of cancerR01CA132032 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN · PI TUNNELL, JAMES W · 2008 to 2012
$1.6M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA132032
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Diffuse reflectance and fluorescence spectroscopy are popular research techniques for noninvasive disease diagnostics. Most systems include an optical fiber probe that transmits and collects optical spectra in contact with the suspected lesion. The purpose of this study is to investigate probe pressure effects on human skin spectroscopic measurements. We conduct an in-vivo experiment on human skin tissue to study the short-term (<2 s) and long-term (>30 s) effects of probe pressure on diffuse reflectance and fluorescence measurements. Short-term light probe pressure (P0<9 mN∕mm2) effects are within 0 ± 10% on all physiological properties extracted from diffuse reflectance and fluorescence measurements, and less than 0±5% for diagnostically significant physiological properties. Absorption decreases with site-specific variations due to blood being compressed out of the sampled volume. Reduced scattering coefficient variation is site specific. Intrinsic fluorescence shows a large standard error, although no specific pressure-related trend is observed. Differences in tissue structure and morphology contribute to site-specific probe pressure effects. Therefore, the effects of pressure can be minimized when the pressure is small and applied for a short amount of time; however, long-term and large pressures induce significant distortions in measured spectra.

Indexed as

ArtifactsTransducersAdolescentAdultEquipment DesignEquipment Failure AnalysisFemaleHumansMalePhotometryPressureReproducibility of ResultsSensitivity and SpecificitySkinSpectrometry, FluorescenceYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID21280899
PMCPMC3041811

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.