ArticlePlant molecular biology2011
The extreme dwarf phenotype of the GA-sensitive mutant of sunflower, dwarf2, is generated by a deletion in the ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase1 (HaKAO1) gene sequence.
Article in Plant molecular biology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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19 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Review of Plant-Derived Diterpenoid Biosynthesis: From Structural Scaffold Diversity and Lineage-Associated Distribution to Enzyme Mining and Discovery Strategies.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Identification and Fine-Mapping ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Subgenome asymmetry of gibberellins-related genes plays important roles in regulating rapid growth of bamboos.Plant diversity · 2025Article
- The mutation of ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase, a key enzyme involved in gibberellin biosynthesis, confers a dwarf phenotype to cucumber.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2024Review
- SlZF3 regulates tomato plant height by directly repressingHorticulture research · 2023Article
- Manipulating GA-Related Genes for Cereal Crop Improvement.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- BrKAO2 mutations disrupt leafy head formation in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis).TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2022Article
- A mutation in LacDWARF1 results in a GA-deficient dwarf phenotype in sponge gourd (Luffa acutangula).TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2021Article
- Article
- Mutation of Arabidopsis Copper-Containing Amine Oxidase GeneInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Histological, Physiological and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveal Gibberellin-Induced Axillary Meristem Formation in Garlic (Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Gibberellin Signaling Is Required for Far-Red Light-Induced Shoot Elongation inPlant physiology · 2020Article
- A single nucleotide mutation in GID1c disrupts its interaction with DELLA1 and causes a GA-insensitive dwarf phenotype in peach.Plant biotechnology journal · 2019Article
- Genetic Regulation of GA Metabolism during Vernalization, Floral Bud Initiation and Development in Pak Choi (Frontiers in plant science · 2017Article
- Article
- Nighttime sugar starvation orchestrates gibberellin biosynthesis and plant growth in Arabidopsis.The Plant cell · 2013Article
- Usual and unusual development of the dicot leaf: involvement of transcription factors and hormones.Plant cell reports · 2013Review
- Phenotypic characterization, genetic mapping and candidate gene analysis of a source conferring reduced plant height in sunflower.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2013Article
- A transposon-mediate inactivation of a CYCLOIDEA-like gene originates polysymmetric and androgynous ray flowers in Helianthus annuus.Genetica · 2011Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A dwarf mutant, dw arf 2 (dw2), was isolated from sunflower (Helianthus annuus). The most obvious alterations of dw2 plants were the lack of stem growth, reduced size of leaves, petioles and flower organs, retarded flower development. Pollen and ovules were produced but the filaments failed to extrude the anthers from the corolla. The dw2 phenotype was mainly because of reduced cell size. In dw2 leaves, the dark-green color was not so much due to higher pigment content, but was correlated with a changed leaf morphology. The mutant responded to the application of bioactive gibberellins (GAs). The levels of ent-7α-hydroxykaurenoic acid, GA(19), GA(20) and GA(1) in dw2 seedlings were severely decreased relative to those in its wild type (WT). ent-Kaurenoic acid was actively converted to ent-7α-hydroxykaurenoic acid in WT plants but quite poorly in dw2 plants. All together these data suggested that the dw2 mutation severely reduced the flux through the biosynthetic pathway leading to active GAs by hampering the conversion of ent-kaurenoic acid to GA(12). Two ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase (KAO) genes were identified. HaKAO1 was expressed everywhere in sunflower organs, while HaKAO2 was mainly expressed in roots. We demonstrated that a DNA deletion in HaKAO1 of dw2 generated aberrant mRNA-splicing, causing a premature stop codon in the amino acid sequence. In dw2 calli, Agrobacterium-mediated transfer of WT HaKAO1 cDNA restored the WT endogenous levels of GAs. In segregating BC(1) progeny, the deletion co-segregated with the dwarf phenotype. The deletion was generated near to a breakpoint of a more complex chromosome rearrangement.
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