ReviewNature reviews. Nephrology2011
Pathophysiology and management of hypokalemia: a clinical perspective.
Review in Nature reviews. Nephrology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 211 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of Hypokalemia Incidence and Better Treatment Response in NSCLC Patients: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review on Anti-EGFR Targeted Therapy Clinical Trials.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Severe Hypokalemia With Rhabdomyolysis-A Case Report.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Assessing the real-world safety of sparsentan for immunoglobulin A nephropathy: insights from a comprehensive analysis of FAERS database.International urology and nephrology · 2026Article
- How Does Dietary Potassium Influence BP?Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2026Review
- p38 MAPK orchestrates cross-tissue potassium homeostasis for survival.Nature communications · 2026Article
- [Consensus recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of hyperkalemia of the Austrian Society of Nephrology 2026].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026Review
- Ensemble signal detection reveals target-specific temporal risk of hypokalemia after immune checkpoint inhibition: a translational pharmacology framework.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2 N protein induces hypokalemia in acute kidney injury mice via ENaC-dependent mechanism.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- Ectopic Cushing's Syndrome in Advanced Small-Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC): Clinical Challenges and Therapeutic Insights.Cancers · 2025Article
- Primary Aldosteronism and Hypokalemia-induced Rhabdomyolysis in a Patient with Aldosterone-producing Adenoma: A Case Report and Literature Review.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Review
- Hypokalemic paralysis in an adolescent following dexamethasone and B12 injection: A case report and literature review.Heliyon · 2025Article
- Severe Life-Threatening Hypokalemia Primarily Presented With Isolated Paralysis: Case Series From Ethiopia.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Hypokalemia in Peritoneal Dialysis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prevalence, Treatment, and Outcomes.Kidney medicine · 2024Article
- The relationship between Glasgow Prognostic Score and hospital duration in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Article
- Beta-lactam-associated hypokalemia.The Journal of international medical research · 2024Review
- Diagnosis, management and outcomes of primary hypokalemic periodic paralysis during pregnancy.Obstetric medicine · 2024Article
- Unusual presentation of Sjogren's syndrome during pregnancy: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2024Article
- Hypokalemic paralysis following intramuscular betamethasone injection: A case report and review of literature.Clinical case reports · 2024Article
- Risk factors analysis of hypokalemia after radical resection of esophageal cancer and establishment of a nomogram risk prediction model.Frontiers in surgery · 2024Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Potassium (K(+)) ions are the predominant intracellular cations. K(+) homeostasis depends on external balance (dietary intake [typically 100 mmol per day] versus excretion [95% via the kidney; 5% via the colon]) and internal balance (the distribution of K(+) between intracellular and extracellular fluid compartments). The uneven distribution of K(+) across cell membranes means that a mere 1% shift in its distribution can cause a 50% change in plasma K(+) concentration. Hormonal mechanisms (involving insulin, β-adrenergic agonists and aldosterone) modulate K(+) distribution by promoting rapid transfer of K(+) across the plasma membrane. Extrarenal K(+) losses from the body are usually small, but can be marked in individuals with chronic diarrhea, severe burns or prolonged sweating. Under normal circumstances, the kidney's distal nephron secretes K(+) and determines final urinary excretion. In patients with hypokalemia (plasma K(+) concentration <3.5 mmol/l), after the exclusion of extrarenal causes, alterations in sodium ion delivery to the distal nephron, mineralocorticoid status, or a specific inherited or acquired defect in distal nephron function (each of which affects distal nephron K(+) secretion), should be considered. Clinical management of hypokalemia should establish the underlying cause and alleviate the primary disorder. This Review aims to inform clinicians about the pathophysiology and appropriate treatment for hypokalemia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.