Trial reportDiabetes care2011
Urinary C-peptide creatinine ratio is a practical outpatient tool for identifying hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-{alpha}/hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-{alpha} maturity-onset diabetes of the young from long-duration type 1 diabetes.
Trial report in Diabetes care, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 129 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnostic Test Accuracy of Urine C-peptide Creatinine Ratio for the Correct Identification of the Type of Diabetes: A Systematic Review.TouchREVIEWS in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Urinary C-peptide creatinine ratio to differentiate type 2 diabetes mellitus from type 1 in pediatric patients.European journal of pediatrics · 2020Trial
- Random non-fasting C-peptide: bringing robust assessment of endogenous insulin secretion to the clinic.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2016Trial
- Non-invasive methods for β-cell function assessment using a urine C-peptide model corrected for urine volume.Chinese medical journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Effect of temperature and preservative selection on C-peptide degradation in randomly voided urine.Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology · 2026Article
- C-peptide in Precision Diabetes Care and Beyond: A Comprehensive Review.Clinical medicine insights. Endocrinology and diabetes · 2026Review
- Relevance of Quantitative Measures of Beta-Cell Function in Clinical Practice.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2026Review
- Preclinical Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes: Reality or Utopia.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Monogenic diabetes: An evidence-based clinical approach.World journal of diabetes · 2025Review
- Comparison of Bayesian approaches for developing prediction models in rare disease: application to the identification of patients with Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young.BMC medical research methodology · 2024Article
- Screening of Mutations in Maturity-onset Diabetes of the Young-related Genes andJournal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology · 2024Article
- Genetic determinants of type 1 diabetes in individuals with weak evidence of islet autoimmunity at disease onset.Diabetologia · 2023Article
- Insulin Deficiency From Insulin Gene Mutation Leads to Smaller Pancreas.Diabetes care · 2023Article
- Article
- Developing services to support the delivery of care to people with early-onset type 2 diabetes.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2022Review
- A multigenerational study on phenotypic consequences of the most common causal variant of HNF1A-MODY.Diabetologia · 2022Article
- Stimulated UCPCR Levels Are Lower in People With Type 1 Diabetes Than in Other Diabetes Types in Sub-Saharan Africa: Results From a Preliminary Cross-Sectional Study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- The management of type 1 diabetes in adults. A consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD).Diabetologia · 2021Article
- Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young-New Approaches for Disease Modelling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveHepatocyte nuclear factor 1-α (HNF1A)/hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-α (HNF4A) maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is frequently misdiagnosed as type 1 diabetes, and patients are inappropriately treated with insulin. Blood C-peptide can aid in the diagnosis of MODY, but practical reasons limit its widespread use. Urinary C-peptide creatinine ratio (UCPCR), a stable measure of endogenous insulin secretion, is a noninvasive alternative. We aimed to compare stimulated UCPCR in adults with HNF1A/4A MODY, type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsAdults with diabetes for ≥ 5 years, without renal impairment, were studied (HNF1A MODY [n = 54], HNF4A MODY [n = 23], glucokinase MODY [n = 20], type 1 diabetes [n = 69], and type 2 diabetes [n = 54]). The UCPCR was collected in boric acid 120 min after the largest meal of the day and mailed for analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to identify optimal UCPCR cutoffs to differentiate HNF1A/4A MODY from type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
resultsUCPCR was lower in type 1 diabetes than HNF1A/4A MODY (median [interquartile range]) (<0.02 nmol/mmol [<0.02 to <0.02] vs. 1.72 nmol/mmol [0.98-2.90]; P < 0.0001). ROC curves showed excellent discrimination (area under curve [AUC] 0.98) and identified a cutoff UCPCR of ≥ 0.2 nmol/mmol for differentiating HNF1A/4A MODY from type 1 diabetes (97% sensitivity, 96% specificity). UCPCR was lower in HNF1A/4A MODY than in type 2 diabetes (1.72 nmol/mmol [0.98-2.90] vs. 2.47 nmol/mmol [1.4-4.13]); P = 0.007). ROC curves showed a weak distinction between HNF1A/4A MODY and type 2 diabetes (AUC 0.64).
conclusionsUCPCR is a noninvasive outpatient tool that can be used to discriminate HNF1A and HNF4A MODY from long-duration type 1 diabetes. To differentiate MODY from type 1 diabetes of >5 years' duration, UCPCR could be used to determine whether genetic testing is indicated.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.