Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21267719›Full record

ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2011

Impact of minimal tumor burden on antibody response to vaccination.

Soo-Kie Kim, Xiaohong Wu, Govind Ragupathi, John Gathuru, Fusataka Koide, Nai-Kong Cheung, Katherine Panageas, Philip O Livingston

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 30% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Vaccine-based cancer immunotherapy in newly diagnosed glioblastoma: a time-to-event meta-analysis of phase II and III randomized controlled trials.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Phase I trial of a bivalent gangliosides vaccine in combination with β-glucan for high-risk neuroblastoma in second or later remission.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2014
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Soo-Kie KimMemorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Xiaohong Wu
Govind Ragupathi
John Gathuru
Fusataka Koide
Nai-Kong Cheung
Katherine Panageas
Philip O Livingston
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center · USVaxInnate (United States) · US

Funding

TREATMENT OF CANCER PATIENTS WITH THYMIC FACTORSP01CA033049 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RES · PI DIVGI, CHAITANYA R. · 1985 to 2009
$19.8M
NCI NIH HHS P01 CA033049NCI NIH HHS P01 CA33049
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Four randomized phase III trials conducted recently in melanoma patients in the adjuvant setting have been based in part on the correlation between antibody responses in immunized patients and improved survival. Each of these randomized trials demonstrated no clinical benefit, although again there was a significant correlation between antibody response after vaccination and disease free and overall survival. To better understand this paradox, we established a surgical adjuvant model targeting GD2 ganglioside on EL4 lymphoma cells injected into the foot pad followed by amputation at variable intervals. Our findings are (1) comparable strong therapeutic benefit resulted from treatment of mice after amputation with a GD2-KLH conjugate vaccine or with anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody 3F8. (2) The strongest correlation was between antibody induction in response to vaccination and prolonged survival. (3) Antibody titers in response to vaccination in tumor challenged mice as compared to unchallenged mice were far lower despite the absence of detectable recurrences at the time. (4) The half life of administered 3F8 monoclonal antibody (but not control antibody) in challenged mice administered was significantly shorter than the half life of 3F8 antibody in unchallenged controls. The correlation between vaccine-induced antibody titers and prolonged survival may reflect, at least in part, increased tumor burden in antibody-negative mice. Absorption of vaccine-induced antibodies by increased, although not detected tumor burden may also explain the correlation between vaccine-induced antibody titers and survival in the adjuvant clinical trials described above.

Indexed as

Tumor BurdenAdjuvants, ImmunologicAnimalsAntibodies, MonoclonalAntibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-DerivedAntibodies, NeoplasmAntibody-Dependent Cell CytotoxicityCancer VaccinesCell Line, TumorDisease-Free SurvivalEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayGangliosidesHemocyaninsImmunoglobulin GLymphomaMice3F8 antibodyAdjuvants, ImmunologicAntibodies, MonoclonalAntibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-DerivedAntibodies, NeoplasmCancer Vaccinesganglioside, GD2GangliosidesHemocyaninsImmunoglobulin Gkeyhole-limpet hemocyaninVaccines, Conjugate

Identifiers

PMID21267719
PMCPMC3734789
OpenAlexW2051976152

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.