ArticlePloS one2011
Analysis of the ex vivo and in vivo antiretroviral activity of gemcitabine.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Short-Term Efficacy of Different First-Line Chemotherapy Regimens for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Network Meta-Analysis.Clinical and translational science · 2020Article
- Distinct dual antiviral mechanism that enhances hepatitis B virus mutagenesis and reduces viral DNA synthesis.Antiviral research · 2019Article
- Disparate effects of cytotoxic chemotherapy on the antiviral activity of antiretroviral therapy: implications for treatments of HIV-infected cancer patients.Antiviral therapy · 2019Article
- Lethal mutagenesis of an RNA plant virus via lethal defection.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Review
- Characterization of permeability, stability and anti-HIV-1 activity of decitabine and gemcitabine divalerate prodrugs.Antiviral chemistry & chemotherapy · 2014Article
- Novel inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 infectivity.The Journal of general virology · 2014Article
- Targeting of the purine biosynthesis host cell pathway enhances the activity of tenofovir against sensitive and drug-resistant HIV-1.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2013Article
- Advances in the development of nucleoside and nucleotide analogues for cancer and viral diseases.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2013Review
- Dimethylaminoparthenolide and gemcitabine: a survival study using a genetically engineered mouse model of pancreatic cancer.BMC cancer · 2013Article
- Back to the future: revisiting HIV-1 lethal mutagenesis.Trends in microbiology · 2013Article
- Discovery of drugs that possess activity against feline leukemia virus.The Journal of general virology · 2012Article
- Activity of a novel combined antiretroviral therapy of gemcitabine and decitabine in a mouse model for HIV-1.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Replication of retroviral and host genomes requires ribonucleotide reductase to convert rNTPs to dNTPs, which are then used as substrates for DNA synthesis. Inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase by hydroxyurea (HU) has been previously used to treat cancers as well as HIV. However, the use of HU as an antiretroviral is limited by its associated toxicities such as myelosuppression and hepatotoxicity. In this study, we examined the ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor, gemcitabine, both in cell culture and in C57Bl/6 mice infected with LP-BM5 murine leukemia virus (LP-BM5 MuLV, a murine AIDS model). Gemcitabine decreased infectivity of MuLV in cell culture with an EC50 in the low nanomolar range with no detectable cytotoxicity. Similarly, gemcitabine significantly decreased disease progression in mice infected with LP-BM5. Specifically, gemcitabine treatment decreased spleen size, plasma IgM, and provirus levels compared to LP-BM5 MuLV infected, untreated mice. Gemcitabine efficacy was observed at doses as low as 1 mg/kg/day in the absence of toxicity. Higher doses of gemcitabine (3 mg/kg/day and higher) were associated with toxicity as determined by a loss in body mass. In summary, our findings demonstrate that gemcitabine has antiretroviral activity ex vivo and in vivo in the LP-BM5 MuLV model. These observations together with a recent ex vivo study with HIV-1, suggest that gemcitabine has broad antiretroviral activity and could be particularly useful in vivo when used in combination drug therapy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.