ArticlePloS one2011
Dynamics of macrophage trogocytosis of rituximab-coated B cells.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Monocytes and Granulocytes Reduce CD38 Expression Levels on Myeloma Cells in Patients Treated with Daratumumab.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2017Trial
- Trogocytosis: Emerging insights into cellular communication, immunity, and pathogenesis.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Article
- Programmable macromolecule delivery via engineered trogocytosis.Nature cell biology · 2026Article
- Hyperactive Rac converts sublethal to lethal trogocytosis in vivo.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Submicron-Sampling of Living Cells by Macrophages.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Hyperactive Rac converts sublethal nibbling to lethal phagocytosisbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Target cell cortical tension regulates macrophage trogocytosis.Nature cell biology · 2025Article
- Review
- Trogocytosis-mediated immune evasion in the tumor microenvironment.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025Review
- The heterogeneity of neutrophils in cancer and its implication for therapeutic targeting.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- IgM Flare in Anti-MAG Neuropathy Post Rituximab Treatment: A Clinical Case and a Systematic Review of the Literature.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Prior Fc receptor activation primes macrophages for increased sensitivity to IgG via long-term and short-term mechanisms.Developmental cell · 2024Article
- Antibody surface mobility amplifies FcγR signaling via Arp2/3 during phagocytosis.Biophysical journal · 2024Article
- Receptor transfer between immune cells by autoantibody-enhanced, CD32-driven trogocytosis is hijacked by HIV-1 to infect resting CD4 T cells.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Article
- Bovine neutrophils kill the sexually-transmitted parasite Tritrichomonas foetus using trogocytosis.Veterinary research communications · 2024Article
- Human Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Neutrophils Regulate Antitumor Antibody Efficacy through Lethal and Sublethal Trogocytosis.Cancer research · 2024Article
- Immune proteins C1q and CD47 may contribute to aberrant microglia-mediated synapse loss in the aging monkey brain that is associated with cognitive impairment.GeroScience · 2024Article
- Macrophage-mediated trogocytosis contributes to destroying human schistosomes in a non-susceptible rodent host, Microtus fortis.Cell discovery · 2023Article
- Blockade of CD47 enhances the antitumor effect of macrophages in renal cell carcinoma through trogocytosis.Scientific reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Macrophages can remove antigen from the surface of antibody-coated cells by a process termed trogocytosis. Using live cell microscopy and flow cytometry, we investigated the dynamics of trogocytosis by RAW264.7 macrophages of Ramos B cells opsonized with the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab. Spontaneous and reversible formation of uropods was observed on Ramos cells, and these showed a strong enrichment in rituximab binding. RAW-Ramos conjugate interfaces were highly enriched in rituximab, and transfer of rituximab to the RAW cells in submicron-sized puncta occurred shortly after cell contact. Membrane from the target cells was concomitantly transferred along with rituximab to a variable extent. We established a flow cytometry-based approach to follow the kinetics of transfer and internalization of rituximab. Disruption of actin polymerization nearly eliminated transfer, while blocking phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity only resulted in a delay in its acquisition. Inhibition of Src family kinase activity both slowed acquisition and reduced the extent of trogocytosis. The effects of inhibiting these kinases are likely due to their role in efficient formation of cell-cell conjugates. Selective pre-treatment of Ramos cells with phenylarsine oxide blocked uropod formation, reduced enrichment of rituximab at cell-cell interfaces, and reduced the efficiency of trogocytic transfer of rituximab. Our findings highlight that dynamic changes in target cell shape and surface distribution of antigen may significantly influence the progression and extent of trogocytosis. Understanding the mechanistic determinants of macrophage trogocytosis will be important for optimal design of antibody therapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.