Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21263315›Full record

ReviewCritical care medicine2011

Aspiration-induced lung injury.

Krishnan Raghavendran, Jean Nemzek, Lena M Napolitano, Paul R Knight

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Critical care medicine, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 112 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
112citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
9.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

112 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 265 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Factors driving outcome variability in aspiration and community-acquired pneumonia: a meta-analysis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Guideline
  3. Pooled it
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  6. Trial
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  10. Diffuse alveolar damage, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Part 1: ARDS endotypes, including systemic inflammatory response syndrome and sepsis, with dog and cat examples.Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc · 2026
    Review
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  16. Targeting PANoptosis: a promising therapeutic strategy for ALI/ARDS.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2025
    Review
  17. Utility ofERJ open research · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
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52 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Krishnan RaghavendranDepartment of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. kraghave@umich.edu
Jean Nemzek
Lena M Napolitano
Paul R Knight
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor · USMichigan Medicine · US

Funding

PATHOGENESIS OF ASPIRATION PNEUMONITISR01HL048889 · NHLBI · STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO · PI KNIGHT III, PAUL R · 1996 to 2011
$3.2M
Mechanisms of MCP-1 in lung contusion with and without gastric aspirationR01HL102013 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI RAGHAVENDRAN, KRISHNAN · 2010 to 2013
$1.5M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL048889NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL102013NHLBI NIH HHS R01-HL102013NHLBI NIH HHS R01-HL 48889
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveAspiration of oropharyngeal or gastric contents into the lower respiratory tract is a common event in critically ill patients and can lead to pneumonia or pneumonitis. Aspiration pneumonia is the leading cause of pneumonia in the intensive care unit and is one of the leading risk factors for acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndromes. Despite its frequency, it remains largely a disease of exclusion characterized by ill-defined infiltrates on the chest radiograph and hypoxia. An accurate ability to diagnose aspiration is paramount because different modalities of therapy, if applied early and selectively, could change the course of the disease. This article reviews definitions, diagnosis, epidemiology, pathophysiology, including animal models of aspiration-induced lung injury, and evidence-based clinical management. Additionally, a review of current and potential biomarkers that have been tested clinically in humans is provided. DATA SOURCES: Data were obtained from a PubMed search of the medical literature. PubMed "related articles" search strategies were used. SUMMARY AND

conclusionsAspiration in the intensive care unit is a clinically relevant problem requiring expertise and awareness. A definitive diagnosis of aspiration pneumonitis or pneumonia is challenging to make. Advances in specific biomarker profiles and prediction models may enhance the diagnosis and prognosis of clinical aspiration syndromes. Evidence-based management is supportive, including mechanical ventilation, bronchoscopy for particulate aspiration, consideration of empiric antibiotics for pneumonia treatment, and lower respiratory tract sampling to define pathogenic bacteria that are causative.

Indexed as

AnimalsBiomarkersDisease Models, AnimalHumansLung InjuryPneumonia, AspirationRespiratory AspirationRisk FactorsBiomarkers

Identifiers

PMID21263315
PMCPMC3102154
OpenAlexW1991640360

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.