ArticleComparative medicine2010
Aerosolized Bacillus anthracis infection in New Zealand white rabbits: natural history and intravenous levofloxacin treatment.
Article in Comparative medicine, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Postexposure Prophylaxis and Treatment of Bacillus anthracis Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses of Animal Models, 1947-2019.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Pooled it
- Article
- A Resistance-Evading Antibiotic for Treating Anthrax.Research square · 2024Article
- Efficacy of therapeutically administered gepotidacin in a rabbit model of inhalational anthrax.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Article
- Physiological Responses to Multiple Low-Doses ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Physiological Responses to a Single Low-Dose ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Ventilation Modulation and Nanoparticle Deposition in Respiratory and Olfactory Regions of Rabbit Nose.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2019Article
- Article
- Using Telemetry Data to Refine Endpoints for New Zealand White Rabbits Challenged withJournal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2017Article
- Estimation of Time Period for Effective Human Inhalational Anthrax Treatment Including Antitoxin Therapy.PLoS currents · 2017Article
- Modeling Rabbit Responses to Single and Multiple Aerosol Exposures of Bacillus anthracis Spores.Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis · 2017Article
- Efficacy Projection of Obiltoxaximab for Treatment of Inhalational Anthrax across a Range of Disease Severity.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2016Article
- Computational fluid dynamics modeling ofJournal of aerosol science · 2016Article
- Development of a Zealand white rabbit deposition model to study inhalation anthrax.Inhalation toxicology · 2016Article
- Efficacy of ETI-204 monoclonal antibody as an adjunct therapy in a New Zealand white rabbit partial survival model for inhalational anthrax.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2015Article
- Added benefit of raxibacumab to antibiotic treatment of inhalational anthrax.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2015Article
- Efficacy and safety of AVP-21D9, an anthrax monoclonal antibody, in animal models and humans.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2014Article
- Transient lipopolysaccharide-induced resistance to aerosolized Bacillus anthracis in New Zealand white rabbits.Comparative medicine · 2013Article
- Characterization of a therapeutic model of inhalational anthrax using an increase in body temperature in New Zealand white rabbits as a trigger for treatment.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The natural history for inhalational Bacillus anthracis (Ames strain) exposure in New Zealand white rabbits was investigated to better identify potential, early biomarkers of anthrax. Twelve SPF Bordetella-free rabbits were exposed to 150 LD(50) aerosolized B. anthracis spores, and clinical signs, body temperature, complete blood count, bacteremia, and presence of protective antigen in the blood (that is, antigenemia) were examined. The development of antigenemia and bacteremia coincided and preceded both pyrexia and inversion of the heterophil:lymphocyte ratio, an indicator of infection. Antigenemia was determined within 1 h by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, compared with the 24-h traditional culture needed for bacteremia determination. Rabbits appeared clinically normal until shortly before succumbing to anthrax approximately 47 h after challenge or approximately 22 h after antigenemia, which suggests a relatively narrow therapeutic window of opportunity. To evaluate the therapeutic rabbit model, B. anthracis-exposed rabbits were treated (after determination of antigenemia and later confirmed to be bacteremic) intravenously with the fluoroquinolone antibiotic levofloxacin for 5 d at a total daily dose of 25 or 12.5 mg/kg, resulting in nearly 90% and 70% survival, respectively, to the study end (28 d after challenge). The peak level for 12.5 mg/kg was equivalent to that observed for a 500-mg daily levofloxacin dose in humans. These results suggest that intravenous levofloxacin is an effective therapeutic against inhalational anthrax. Taken together, our findings indicate that antigenemia is a viable and early biomarker for B. anthracis infection that can be used as a treatment trigger to allow for timely intervention against this highly pathogenic disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
21262133PMC3002106W85329026What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.