ReviewExpert opinion on therapeutic targets2011
The role of Raf-1 kinase in diabetic retinopathy.
Review in Expert opinion on therapeutic targets, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Phosphoproteome of the Rd1 Mouse Retina, a Model of Inherited Photoreceptor Degeneration, Changes after Protein Kinase G Inhibition.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Retinal Cell Damage in Diabetic Retinopathy.Cells · 2023Review
- The Evolving Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Review
- Oxidative Stress-Related Mechanisms and Antioxidant Therapy in Diabetic Retinopathy.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2017Review
- Oxidative stress and epigenetic modifications in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2015Review
- Tiam1-Rac1 Axis Promotes Activation of p38 MAP Kinase in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy: Evidence for a Requisite Role for Protein Palmitoylation.Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology · 2015Article
- Differential systemic gene expression profile in patients with diabetic macular edema: responders versus nonresponders to standard treatment.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2014Observational
- Interrelationship between activation of matrix metalloproteinases and mitochondrial dysfunction in the development of diabetic retinopathy.Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 2013Article
- The ERK1/2 Inhibitor U0126 Attenuates Diabetes-Induced Upregulation of MMP-9 and Biomarkers of Inflammation in the Retina.Journal of diabetes research · 2013Article
- Role of oxidative stress, inflammation, hypoxia and angiogenesis in the development of diabetic retinopathy.Saudi journal of ophthalmology : official journal of the Saudi Ophthalmological SocietyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Many metabolic pathways, including oxidative stress, PKC and the polyol pathway have been implicated in the development of diabetic retinopathy, but despite extensive research, its pathogenesis remains unclear. Recent studies have shown the role of a low-molecular-weight GTP-binding protein (H-Ras)-mediated signaling pathway in its development. The key effector protein of Ras function is a threonine/serine kinase-Raf kinase, and this kinase is involved in a variety of functions, including the cell cycle and proliferation and apoptosis. In animal models of diabetic retinopathy, Raf kinase is activated in the retina and its microvasculature. Activated Raf kinase is associated with increased apoptosis of retinal capillary cells, the process that precedes the development of retinal histopathology, and inhibition of Raf kinase ameliorates apoptosis. In clinical settings, inhibitors of Raf kinase have shown promising results in cancer treatment, and Raf kinase antisense oligonucleotides, iCo 007, is now in Phase II trial for macular edema, a chronic ocular disease associated with retinal neovascularization. Further elucidating the role of Raf kinase in diabetic retinopathy, and advances in the generation of antisense therapy for chronic diseases, should help test Raf antisense oligonucleotides for the treatment of this blinding complication that diabetic patients fear the most.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.