Trial reportThe Journal of infectious diseases2011
Plasma levels of soluble CD14 independently predict mortality in HIV infection.
Trial report in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05323396 (Impact of Parasitic Infections on Intestinal Epithelial Barrier and Immune Activation Among Persons Living With HIV in Lilongwe, Malawi), which is not on this map. Cited by 745 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Impact of Parasitic Infections on Intestinal Epithelial Barrier and Immune Activation Among Persons Living With HIV in Lilongwe, Malawi
Who cites it
745 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,096 citations in OpenAlex.
- Higher cardiovascular disease risks in people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2024Pooled it
- Safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation for viral diseases: A systematic review of clinical trials.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Soluble CD14-associated DNA methylation sites predict mortality among men with HIV infection.AIDS (London, England) · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Dolutegravir restores gut microbiota in late-stage HIV-1 unlike darunavir: an open-label, randomized clinical trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Comparable Inflammatory and Metabolic Outcomes After Switching to Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide Versus Continuing Dolutegravir/Lamivudine in Virologically Suppressed Adults With HIV (INSTINCT/GESIDA10918 Study).Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Trial
- Zinc Supplementation, Inflammation, and Gut Integrity Markers in HIV Infection: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Inflammatory Biomarker Reduction With Fostemsavir Over 96 Weeks in Heavily Treatment-Experienced Adults With Multidrug-Resistant HIV-1 in the BRIGHTE Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Biomarkers of mortality in adults and adolescents with advanced HIV in sub-Saharan Africa.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- Exacerbation of CMV and Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections Following PD-1 Blockade for HIV-Associated Kaposi Sarcoma.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Changes to inflammatory markers during 5 years of viral suppression and during viral blips in people with HIV initiating different integrase inhibitor based regimens.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Trial
- Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors Are Stronger Related to Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Than to Presence of Carotid Plaques in People Living With HIV.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Trial
- Interleukin 6 Blockade With Tocilizumab Diminishes Indices of Inflammation That Are Linked to Mortality in Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Trial
- Pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators of inflammation in HIV: effect of aspirin intervention.EBioMedicine · 2023Trial
- Factors Associated With Systemic Immune Activation Indices in a Global Primary Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Cohort of People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Antiretroviral Therapy.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022 · on this mapTrial
- Relationship Between Anemia and Systemic Inflammation in People Living With HIV and Tuberculosis: A Sub-Analysis of the CADIRIS Clinical Trial.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Trial
- Blue Monday: Co-occurring Stimulant Use and HIV Persistence Predict Dysregulated Catecholamine Synthesis.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2021Trial
- Impact of Fostemsavir in Individuals with Multidrug-Resistant HIV-1, Stratified by Baseline Viral Load.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
- Higher plasma kynurenine-tryptophan ratio predicts incident hepatic fibrosis in women with HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
685 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 8 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundChronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with intestinal permeability and microbial translocation that contributes to systemic immune activation, which is an independent predictor of HIV disease progression. The association of microbial translocation with clinical outcome remains unknown.
methodsThis nested case-control study included 74 subjects who died, 120 of whom developed cardiovascular disease and 81 of whom developed AIDS during the Strategies for Management of Anti-Retroviral Therapy (SMART) study with matched control subjects. Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), soluble CD14 (sCD14), endotoxin core antibody (EndoCAb), and 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) were measured in baseline plasma samples.
resultsSubjects with the highest quartile of sCD14 levels had a 6-fold higher risk of death than did those in the lowest quartile (95% confidence interval, 2.2-16.1; P<.001), with minimal change after adjustment for inflammatory markers, CD4(+) T cell count, and HIV RNA level. No other marker was significantly associated with clinical outcomes. I-FABP, LPS, and sCD14 were increased and EndoCAb was decreased in study subjects, compared with healthy volunteers. sCD14 level correlated with levels of IL-6, C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A and D-dimer.
conclusionssCD14, a marker of monocyte response to LPS, is an independent predictor of mortality in HIV infection. Therapeutic attenuation of innate immune activation may improve survival in patients with HIV infection.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.