ArticleHIV medicine2011
Rates of cardiovascular disease following smoking cessation in patients with HIV infection: results from the D:A:D study(*).
Article in HIV medicine, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02699736 (EuroSIDA Prospective Observational Cohort Study on Clinical and Virological Outcome of European Patients Infected With HIV), which is not on this map. Cited by 86 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
EuroSIDA Prospective Observational Cohort Study on Clinical and Virological Outcome of European Patients Infected With HIV
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 187 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions for tobacco use cessation in people living with HIV.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Sex Differences in Tobacco Use Among Persons Living With HIV/AIDS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Pooled it
- Interventions for tobacco use cessation in people living with HIV and AIDS.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Impact of Smoking Cessation Interventions Initiated During Hospitalization Among HIV-Infected Smokers.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Trial
- Trial
- HealthMap: a cluster randomised trial of interactive health plans and self-management support to prevent coronary heart disease in people with HIV.BMC infectious diseases · 2016Trial
- Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a web-based smoking cessation intervention for HIV-infected smokers: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2014Trial
- Safety of varenicline among smokers enrolled in the lung HIV study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2013Trial
- Safety and tolerability of varenicline tartrate (Champix(®)/Chantix(®)) for smoking cessation in HIV-infected subjects: a pilot open-label study.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2012Trial
- Article
- Patient-Level Discordance Between SCORE2 Cardiovascular Risk and PD-1/PD-L1 Checkpoint-Expression Profiles in People Living with HIV: A Secondary Cohort Analysis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Translating the ABCSs into HIV Care: A Stepped Wedge Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Association Between Patatin-Like Phospholipase Do-Main-Containing Protein-3 Variant and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in People Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Taiwan: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Multilevel barriers and facilitators to smoking cessation among men living with HIV in Vietnam: a qualitative study of male patients and healthcare providers.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Effect of Prevalent and Incident Comorbidity Diagnoses on Quit Attempts and Prescription of Smoking Cessation Medications, HIV Outpatient Study, 2007-2022.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2025Article
- Nicotine and neurocognition in HIV: Translational challenges and therapeutic potential.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2025Review
- Association of human immunodeficiency virus with acute myocardial infarction and presumed sudden cardiac death.Resuscitation plus · 2025Article
- Early versus deferred antiretroviral therapy initiation and long-term cardiovascular disease outcomes in people with HIV: The START study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Residual Traditional Risk in Non-Traditional Atherosclerotic Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in People with HIV: an Evidence-Based Review.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 10 institutions in 10 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe aim of the study was to estimate the rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events after stopping smoking in patients with HIV infection.
methodsPatients who reported smoking status and no previous CVD prior to enrolment in the Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) study were included in this study. Smoking status is collected at each visit as current smoker (yes/no) and ever smoker (yes/no). Time since stopping smoking was calculated for persons who had reported current smoking during follow-up and no current smoking subsequently. Endpoints were: myocardial infarction (MI); coronary heart disease (CHD: MI plus invasive coronary artery procedure or death from other CHD); CVD (CHD plus carotid artery endarterectomy or stroke); and all-cause mortality. Event rates were calculated for never, previous and current smokers, and smokers who stopped during follow-up. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were determined using Poisson regression adjusted for age, sex, cohort, calendar year, family history of CVD, diabetes, lipids, blood pressure and antiretroviral treatment.
resultsA total of 27 136 patients had smoking status reported, with totals of 432, 600, 746 and 1902 MI, CHD, CVD and mortality events, respectively. The adjusted IRR of CVD in patients who stopped smoking during follow-up decreased from 2.32 within the first year of stopping to 1.49 after >3 years compared with those who never smoked. Similar trends were observed for the MI and CHD endpoints. Reductions in risk were less pronounced for all-cause mortality.
conclusionThe risk of CVD events in HIV-positive patients decreased with increasing time since stopping smoking. Smoking cessation efforts should be a priority in the management of HIV-positive patients.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.