SynthesisDiabetologia2011
Risk stratification systems for diabetic foot ulcers: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Diabetologia, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Measurement Properties of Instruments Used to Assess Diabetic Foot: An Umbrella Review.Journal of diabetes research · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, serum calcium, and serum albumin on prognosis in patients with diabetic foot.International wound journal · 2023Trial
- A randomized controlled trial comparing helium-neon laser therapy and infrared laser therapy in patients with diabetic foot ulcer.Lasers in medical science · 2018Trial
- Predictive Value of Preoperative Inflammatory and Nutritional Indices for Revision Surgery After Major Lower Extremity Amputation in Patients With Wagner Stage 5 Diabetic Foot.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Article
- Prospective observational cohort of algorithm-guided reassessment in diabetic foot: real-world outcomes and prognostic associations.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy in Diabetic Amputation Ulcers: Case Series Evaluating Wound Healing Quality.Lasers in surgery and medicine · 2025Article
- External validation of the DIAFORA system to predict lower-extremity amputations in a prospective Danish cohort.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2025Article
- Impairment of Microcirculation Parameters in Patients with a History of Diabetic Foot Ulcers.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Development and validation of a brief diabetic foot risk screening scale for diabetic patients.International journal of nursing studies advances · 2024Article
- Assessment of foot care practice among adults with diabetes mellitus in Ogbomoso, Nigeria.African health sciences · 2024Article
- What characteristics are most important in stratifying patients into groups with different risk of diabetic foot ulceration?Journal of diabetes investigation · 2024Article
- A Rare Case of Solitary Neurofibroma Misdiagnosed as Diabetic Foot Ulcer in the Toe Tip Region.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Relationship between Prognostic Nutritional Index and Amputation in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Diabetic foot ulcers risk prediction in patients with type 2 diabetes using classifier based on associations rule mining.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Health literacy and cognitive function in people with diabetic foot ulcer with focus on knowledge, attitude, and practice in relation to foot self-care.SAGE open medicine · 2024Article
- Risk prediction models for diabetic foot ulcer development or amputation: a review of reviews.Journal of foot and ankle research · 2023Review
- Function and mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells in the healing of diabetic foot wounds.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Diabetic Capital Punishment: Time for Amnesty.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Diabetes Status is Associated With Plantar Soft Tissue Stiffness Measured Using Ultrasound Reverberant Shear Wave Elastography Approach.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2022Article
- Prediction of callus and ulcer development in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy by isosceles triangle-forming tuning fork.SAGE open medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aims/hypothesisSeveral risk stratification systems have been proposed for predicting development of diabetic foot ulcer. However, little has been published that assesses their similarities and disparities, diagnostic accuracy and evidence level. Consequently, we conducted a systematic review of the existing stratification systems.
methodsWe searched the MEDLINE database for studies (published until April 2010) describing the creation and validation of risk stratification systems for prediction of diabetic foot ulcer development.
resultsWe included 13 studies describing or evaluating the following different risk degree stratification systems: University of Texas; International Working Group on Diabetic Foot; Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network (SIGN); American Diabetes Association; and Boyko and colleagues. We confirmed that five variables were included in almost all the systems: diabetic neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, foot deformity, and previous foot ulcer and amputation. The number of variables included ranged from four to eight and the number of risk groups from two to six. Only four studies reported or allowed the calculation of diagnostic accuracy measures. The SIGN system showed some higher diagnostic accuracy values, particularly positive likelihood ratio, while predictive ability was confirmed through external validation only in the system of Boyko et al. CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationFoot ulcer risk stratification systems are a much needed tool for screening patients with diabetes. The core variables of various systems are very similar, but the number of included variables in each model and risk groups varied greatly. Overall, the quality of evidence for these systems is low, as little validation of their predictive ability has been done.
Indexed as
Identifiers
21249490What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.