Trial reportNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2011
Effects of stimulant medication, incentives, and event rate on reaction time variability in children with ADHD.
Trial report in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- Methylphenidate for children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Using ADHD Medications to Treat Coexisting ADHD and Reading Disorders: A Systematic Review.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2018Pooled it
- Methylphenidate for children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Methylphenidate for children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Effects of methylphenidate on executive functioning in children and adolescents with ADHD after long-term use: a randomized, placebo-controlled discontinuation study.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2021Trial
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Related Deficits and Psychostimulant Medication Effects on Comprehension of Audiovisually Presented Educational Material in Children.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2018Trial
- Risperidone Added to Psychostimulant in Children with Severe Aggression and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Lack of Effect on Attention and Short-Term Memory.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2017Trial
- Methylphenidate and emotional-motivational processing in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Methylphenidate (MPH) promotes visual cortical activation in healthy adults in a cued visuomotor task.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2012Trial
- Mediators of methylphenidate effects on math performance in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBPTrial
- Intraindividual Variability in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: An Ex-Gaussian Approach.Child psychiatry and human development · 2026Article
- From symptom-based heterogeneity to mechanism-based profiling in youth ADHD: the promise of computational psychiatry.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Exploring the neural basis of reaction time variability in ADHD: The importance of examining data at the trial level.Neuroimage. Reports · 2025Article
- Motor cortex modulation and reward in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Brain communications · 2021Article
- In Quest of Pathognomonic/Endophenotypic Markers of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Potential of EEG-Based Frequency Analysis and ERPs to Better Detect, Prevent and Manage ADHD.Medical devices (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Review
- Executive Function and Attention Performance in Children with ADHD: Effects of Medication and Comparison with Typically Developing Children.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Response control correlates of anomalous basal ganglia morphology in boys, but not girls, with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Behavioural brain research · 2019Article
- Ex-Gaussian, Frequency and Reward Analyses Reveal Specificity of Reaction Time Fluctuations to ADHD and Not Autism Traits.Journal of abnormal child psychology · 2019Article
- Effects of Methylphenidate on Reaction Time in Children with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder.Noro psikiyatri arsivi · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This study examined the effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on reaction time (RT) variability in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Using a broad battery of computerized tasks, and both conventional and ex-Gaussian indicators of RT variability, in addition to within-task manipulations of incentive and event rate (ER), this study comprehensively examined the breadth, specificity, and possible moderators of effects of MPH on RT variability. A total of 93 children with ADHD completed a 4-week within-subject, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial of MPH to identify an optimal dosage. Children were then randomly assigned to receive either their optimal MPH dose or placebo after which they completed five neuropsychological tasks, each allowing trial-by-trial assessment of RTs. Stimulant effects on RT variability were observed on both measures of the total RT distribution (ie, coefficient of variation) as well as on an ex-Gaussian measure examining the exponential portion of the RT distribution (ie, τ). There was minimal, if any, effect of MPH on performance accuracy or RT speed. Within-task incentive and ER manipulations did not appreciably affect stimulant effects across the tasks. The pattern of significant and pervasive effects of MPH on RT variability, and few effects of MPH on accuracy and RT speed suggest that MPH primarily affects RT variability. Given the magnitude and breadth of effects of MPH on RT variability as well as the apparent specificity of these effects of MPH on RT variability indicators, future research should focus on neurophysiological correlates of effects of MPH on RT variability in an effort to better define MPH pharmacodynamics.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.