Trial reportNephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association2011
Associations of blood lead with estimated glomerular filtration rate using MDRD, CKD-EPI and serum cystatin C-based equations.
Trial report in Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Higher daily protein intake was a protective factor for graft function of kidney transplant recipients in the early post-transplant period: a retrospective cohort study.BMC nephrology · 2025Observational
- Association of neutrophil-percentage-to-albumin ratio with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes and prediabetes from the NHANES 1999-2018.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Prediction of immunotherapy response in idiopathic membranous nephropathy using deep learning-pathological and clinical factors.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Commentary on the Risk Assessment of Lead by the Food Safety Commission of Japan.Food safety (Tokyo, Japan) · 2022Article
- Genetically determined blood lead is associated with reduced renal function amongst individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: insight from Mendelian Randomisation.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2022Article
- The Association of Thyroid Nodules With Blood Trace Elements Identified in a Cross-Section Study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Molecular profiling of urinary extracellular vesicles in chronic kidney disease and renal fibrosis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Blood Lead Levels and Risk of Atherosclerosis in the Carotid Artery: Results from a Swedish Cohort.Environmental health perspectives · 2019Article
- Chronic Environmental and Occupational Lead Exposure and Kidney Function among African Americans: Dallas Lead Project II.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Chronic Kidney Disease and Exposure to Nephrotoxic Metals.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
- A review of toxicity and mechanisms of individual and mixtures of heavy metals in the environment.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2016Review
- Environmental heavy metal exposure and chronic kidney disease in the general population.Journal of Korean medical science · 2015Article
- Early chronic low-level lead exposure produces glomerular hypertrophy in young C57BL/6J mice.Toxicology letters · 2014Article
- Blood lead level and measured glomerular filtration rate in children with chronic kidney disease.Environmental health perspectives · 2013Article
- High prevalence of elevated lead levels in pediatric dialysis patients.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2012Article
- Transplantation: Post-transplant antibody levels predict risk of graft rejection.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on byLead and CKD.2013
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLow-level lead exposure is widespread and has been implicated as a chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk factor. However, studies evaluating associations of lead dose with newer, potentially more accurate, estimates of kidney function, in participants with a wide range of glomerular filtration rates (GFRs), are scarce.
methodsWe compared associations of blood lead and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD), Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) and cystatin C single variable, multivariable and combined creatinine/cystatin C equations in 3941 adults who participated in the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cystatin C subsample.
resultsGeometric mean blood lead was 1.7 μg/dL. After multivariable adjustment, differences [95% confidence interval (CI)] in mean eGFR for a doubling of blood lead were -1.9 (-3.2, -0.7), -1.7 (-3.0, -0.5) and -1.4 (-2.3, -0.5) mL/min/1.73 m(2), using the cystatin C single variable, multivariable and combined creatinine/cystatin C equations, respectively, reflecting lower eGFR with increased blood lead. The corresponding differences (95% CI) were -0.9 (-1.9, 0.02) and -0.9 (-1.8, 0.01) using the creatinine-based MDRD and CKD-EPI equations, respectively. In participants aged ≥60 years, differences in mean eGFR ranged from -3.0 to -4.5 mL/min/1.73 m(2), and odds of reduced eGFR (<60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)) were increased for all estimates of GFR.
conclusionsThese results support the inclusion of cystatin C-based eGFR in future lead research and provide additional evidence for environmental lead exposure as a CKD risk factor.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.