ArticleProceedings. Biological sciences2011
Genetic differentiation and the evolution of cooperation in chimpanzees and humans.
Article in Proceedings. Biological sciences, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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23 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- The evolution of altruism through war is highly sensitive to population structure and to civilian and fighter mortality.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- The evolution of morality and the role of commitment.Evolutionary human sciences · 2021Review
- The cancellation effect at the group level.Evolution; international journal of organic evolution · 2020Article
- Human large-scale cooperation as a product of competition between cultural groups.Nature communications · 2020Article
- Comparisons of between-group differentiation in male kinship between bonobos and chimpanzees.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Differences in MHC-B diversity and KIR epitopes in two populations of wild chimpanzees.Immunogenetics · 2019Article
- Hypotheses for the Evolution of Reduced Reactive Aggression in the Context of Human Self-Domestication.Frontiers in psychology · 2019Article
- Variation is the universal: making cultural evolution work in developmental psychology.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2018Article
- Two types of aggression in human evolution.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- Paternity and kin structure among neighbouring groups in wild bonobos at Wamba.Royal Society open science · 2018Article
- Group augmentation, collective action, and territorial boundary patrols by male chimpanzees.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Article
- Favorable ecological circumstances promote life expectancy in chimpanzees similar to that of human hunter-gatherers.Journal of human evolution · 2017Article
- The evolution of extreme cooperation via shared dysphoric experiences.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- A model for warfare in stratified small-scale societies: The effect of within-group inequality.PloS one · 2017Article
- The Conditions Favoring Between-Community Raiding in Chimpanzees, Bonobos, and Human Foragers.Human nature (Hawthorne, N.Y.) · 2016Article
- The sampling scheme matters: Pan troglodytes troglodytes and P. t. schweinfurthii are characterized by clinal genetic variation rather than a strong subspecies break.American journal of physical anthropology · 2015Article
- The evolutionary interplay of intergroup conflict and altruism in humans: a review of parochial altruism theory and prospects for its extension.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2014Review
- Species-level view of population structure and gene flow for a critically endangered primate (Varecia variegata).Ecology and evolution · 2014Article
- The role of rewards in motivating participation in simple warfare.Human nature (Hawthorne, N.Y.) · 2013Article
- Rapid evolution of cooperation in group-living animals.BMC evolutionary biology · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It has been proposed that human cooperation is unique among animals for its scale and complexity, its altruistic nature and its occurrence among large groups of individuals that are not closely related or are even strangers. One potential solution to this puzzle is that the unique aspects of human cooperation evolved as a result of high levels of lethal competition (i.e. warfare) between genetically differentiated groups. Although between-group migration would seem to make this scenario unlikely, the plausibility of the between-group competition model has recently been supported by analyses using estimates of genetic differentiation derived from contemporary human groups hypothesized to be representative of those that existed during the time period when human cooperation evolved. Here, we examine levels of between-group genetic differentiation in a large sample of contemporary human groups selected to overcome some of the problems with earlier estimates, and compare them with those of chimpanzees. We find that our estimates of between-group genetic differentiation in contemporary humans are lower than those used in previous tests, and not higher than those of chimpanzees. Because levels of between-group competition in contemporary humans and chimpanzees are also similar, these findings suggest that the identification of other factors that differ between chimpanzees and humans may be needed to provide a compelling explanation of why humans, but not chimpanzees, display the unique features of human cooperation.
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