Trial reportEuropean journal of clinical nutrition2011
Intake of antioxidants and risk of type 2 diabetes in a cohort of male smokers.
Trial report in European journal of clinical nutrition, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary Intake and Circulating Concentrations of Carotenoids and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Observational Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Pooled it
- The associations of plasma carotenoids andThe British journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Bidirectional Causal Associations Between Endogenous/Exogenous Antioxidant Levels and Risks of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Three Complications.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- The landscape of potential health benefits of carotenoids as natural supportive therapeutics in protecting against Coronavirus infection.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2022Review
- Dietary Total Vitamin A, β-carotene, and Retinol Intake and the Risk of Diabetes in Chinese Adults with Plant-based Diets.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Article
- Adipose Tissue Aging and Metabolic Disorder, and the Impact of Nutritional Interventions.Nutrients · 2022Review
- The relationship of dietary total antioxidant capacity with sarcopenia and cardiometabolic biomarkers in type 2 diabetes patients.Physiological reports · 2022Article
- The Association and Mediating Biomarkers of Serum Retinol in Influencing the Development of Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study in Middle-Aged and Elderly Population.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Association Between Okinawan Vegetables Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Japanese Communities: The JPHC Study.Journal of epidemiology · 2020Article
- Potential Role of Tocotrienols on Non-Communicable Diseases: A Review of Current Evidence.Nutrients · 2020Review
- The Role of Tocotrienol in Protecting Against Metabolic Diseases.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Flavonoid 8-O-Glucuronides from the Aerial Parts of Malva verticillata and Their Recovery Effects on Alloxan-Induced Pancreatic Islets in Zebrafish.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- Associations of Dietary Antioxidants and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Data from the 2007-2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Article
- Dietary Polyphenols, Mediterranean Diet, Prediabetes, and Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review of the Evidence.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2017Review
- Vitamin E As a Potential Interventional Treatment for Metabolic Syndrome: Evidence from Animal and Human Studies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2017Review
- Supplementation of Coenzyme Q10 among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2015Review
- How effective are antioxidant supplements in obesity and diabetes?Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2015Review
- High-serum carotenoids associated with lower risk for developing type 2 diabetes among Japanese subjects: Mikkabi cohort study.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2015Article
- Vitamins and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesOxidative stress may induce insulin resistance in peripheral tissues and impair insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. Antioxidants are suggested to decrease the risk of diabetes through reduction of oxidative stress. However, only a few studies exist on dietary antioxidants and the risk of type 2 diabetes. We investigated the association of dietary antioxidants with incident type 2 diabetes in the α-Tocopherol, β-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study cohort. SUBJECT/
methodsThe study cohort included 29,133 male smokers aged 50-69 years. During a median follow-up of 10.2 years 660 incident cases of diabetes were observed among the 25,505 men with a completed baseline food frequency questionnaire.
resultsDietary α-tocopherol, β-tocopherol and β-tocotrienol were positively associated with the risk of diabetes when adjusted for age and supplementation (relative risk (RR) 1.17 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.91-1.51) P for trend 0.02; RR 1.31 (95% CI 1.02-1.68) P for trend 0.01; RR 1.28 (95% CI 1.00-1.63) P for trend 0.01, respectively), but the association disappeared after multivariate adjustment (RR 0.92 (95% CI 0.71-1.19) P for trend 0.97; RR 1.06 (95% CI 0.82-1.36) P for trend 0.48; RR 1.04 (95% CI 0.80-1.35) P for trend 0.46, respectively). Other tocopherols and tocotrienols as well as vitamin C, carotenoids, flavonols and flavones had no association with risk of diabetes.
conclusionsDietary antioxidants were not associated with a decreased risk of incident diabetes in middle-aged male smokers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.