ArticleViruses2010
Comparison of the Mechanisms of Drug Resistance among HIV, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C.
Article in Viruses, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antibody-recruiting molecules: an emerging paradigm for engaging immune function in treating human disease.ACS chemical biology · 2012Pooled it
- Role of antimicrobial peptide-based biomaterials in respiratory tract infections control.BMC microbiology · 2026Review
- A Darwinian model for the evolution of drug resistance to long-acting PrEP during an early HIV infection.PloS one · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial peptides for anticancer and antiviral therapy: last promising update.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Molecular mechanisms of viral oncogenesis in haematological malignancies: perspectives from metabolic reprogramming, epigenetic regulation and immune microenvironment remodeling.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Superbugs or multidrug resistant microbes: A new threat to the society.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Lipid Nanocarriers for Anti-HIV Therapeutics: A Focus on Physicochemical Properties and Biotechnological Advances.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Evolutionary Pathways to Persistence of Highly Fit and Resistant Hepatitis C Virus Protease Inhibitor Escape Variants.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2019Review
- CAR T Cells Beyond Cancer: Hope for Immunomodulatory Therapy of Infectious Diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- CRISPR/Cas9 and Genome Editing for Viral Disease-Is Resistance Futile?ACS infectious diseases · 2018Review
- Article
- HBV and HIV co-infection: Impact on liver pathobiology and therapeutic approaches.World journal of hepatology · 2015Review
- Multidrug resistance: an emerging crisis.Interdisciplinary perspectives on infectious diseases · 2014Review
- Extinction of hepatitis C virus by ribavirin in hepatoma cells involves lethal mutagenesis.PloS one · 2013Article
- Association of preexisting drug-resistance mutations and treatment failure in hepatitis B patients.PloS one · 2013Article
- Prevalence of amino acid mutations in hepatitis C virus core and NS5B regions among Venezuelan viral isolates and comparison with worldwide isolates.Virology journal · 2012Article
- Complex phenotypes in mosquitoes and mice associated with neutralization escape of a Dengue virus type 1 monoclonal antibody.Virology · 2012Article
- Review
- Article
- Nanomedicine as an emerging approach against intracellular pathogens.International journal of nanomedicine · 2011Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are the most prevalent deadly chronic viral diseases. HIV is treated by small molecule inhibitors. HBV is treated by immunomodulation and small molecule inhibitors. HCV is currently treated primarily by immunomodulation but many small molecules are in clinical development. Although HIV is a retrovirus, HBV is a double-stranded DNA virus, and HCV is a single-stranded RNA virus, antiviral drug resistance complicates the development of drugs and the successful treatment of each of these viruses. Although their replication cycles, therapeutic targets, and evolutionary mechanisms are different, the fundamental approaches to identifying and characterizing HIV, HBV, and HCV drug resistance are similar. This review describes the evolution of HIV, HBV, and HCV within individuals and populations and the genetic mechanisms associated with drug resistance to each of the antiviral drug classes used for their treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.