SynthesisArthritis research & therapy2011
(Sub)clinical cardiovascular disease is associated with increased bone loss and fracture risk; a systematic review of the association between cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis.
Synthesis in Arthritis research & therapy, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 139 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Article
- Hip Fracture as a Systemic Disease in Older Adults: A Narrative Review on Multisystem Implications and Management.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Incidence, indications, and risk factors for revision tibial tubercle osteotomy: A national database study.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2025Article
- Hip Fractures: Clinical, Biomaterial and Biomechanical Insights into a Common Health Challenge.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The relationship between geriatric nutritional risk index and cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in patients with osteoporosis and osteopenia.Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC · 2025Article
- [Advances in Animal Modeling in the Study of Bone-Vascular Axis Comorbidities].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2025Review
- Ten-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk score in post-menopausal women with low bone mineral density.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Article
- Dietary phosphorus intake modifies the association between total cholesterol and lumbar spine bone mineral density: results from NHANES 2011-2016.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Elucidating common biomarkers and pathways of osteoporosis and aortic valve calcification: insights into new therapeutic targets.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Cardiac Biomarkers are Associated with Incident Fracture Risk in Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease.Calcified tissue international · 2024Article
- Correlation between marginal bone loss around dental implants and various systemic diseases: a cross-sectional study.International journal of implant dentistry · 2024Article
- Vascular function and skeletal fragility: a study of tonometry, brachial hemodynamics, and bone microarchitecture.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2024Article
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Osteoporosis: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis.Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (Miami, Fla.) · 2024Article
- The association of osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease risk score based on the Framingham and ACC/AHA risk prediction models: a cross-sectional analysis of Bushehr Elderly Health Program.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2024Article
- Association of white matter hyperintensities with BMD, incident fractures, and falls in the UK Biobank cohort.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2024Article
- Association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and lumbar bone mineral density in Chinese: a large cross-sectional study.Lipids in health and disease · 2024Article
- Osteoporosis and coronary heart disease: a bi-directional Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Increased Risk of Hip Fracture in Patients with Acromegaly: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2023Article
- A pathological convergence theory for non-communicable diseases.Aging medicine (Milton (N.S.W)) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionBoth cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis are important causes of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. The co-occurrence of cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis prompted us to review the evidence of an association between cardiovascular (CV) disease and osteoporosis and potential shared common pathophysiological mechanisms.
methodsA systematic literature search (Medline, Pubmed and Embase) was conducted to identify all clinical studies that investigated the association between cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis. Relevant studies were screened for quality according to guidelines as proposed by the Dutch Cochrane Centre and evidence was summarized.
resultsSeventy studies were included in this review. Due to a large heterogeneity in study population, design and outcome measures a formal meta-analysis was not possible. Six of the highest ranked studies (mean n = 2,000) showed that individuals with prevalent subclinical CV disease had higher risk for increased bone loss and fractures during follow-up compared to persons without CV disease (range of reported risk: hazard ratio (HR) 1.5; odds ratio (OR) 2.3 to 3.0). The largest study (n = 31,936) reported a more than four times higher risk in women and more than six times higher risk in men. There is moderate evidence that individuals with low bone mass had higher CV mortality rates and incident CV events than subjects with normal bone mass (risk rates 1.2 to 1.4). Although the shared common pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully elucidated, the most important factors that might explain this association appear to be, besides age, estrogen deficiency and inflammation.
conclusionsThe current evidence indicates that individuals with prevalent subclinical CV disease are at increased risk for bone loss and subsequent fractures. Presently no firm conclusions can be drawn as to what extent low bone mineral density might be associated with increased cardiovascular risk.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.