ArticleBMC pediatrics2011
Human immunodeficiency virus infection and cerebral malaria in children in Uganda: a case-control study.
Article in BMC pediatrics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Malaria prevalence in HIV-positive children, pregnant women, and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasites & vectors · 2022Pooled it
- A meta-analysis on the prevalence and characteristics of severe malaria in patients with Plasmodium spp. and HIV co-infection.Scientific reports · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in HIV-exposed and HIV-infected children: recommendations from the National Institutes of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, and the American Academy of Pediatrics.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2013Guideline
- Predictors of outcome in childhoodVirulence · 2020Review
- Aetiology and Outcomes of Suspected Infections of the Central Nervous System in Children in Mbarara, Uganda.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Factors associated with severe malaria among children below ten years in Mutasa and Nyanga districts, Zimbabwe, 2014-2015.The Pan African medical journal · 2017Article
- Malaria infection and anaemia in HIV-infected children in Mutengene, Southwest Cameroon: a cross sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2016Article
- The Immunologic Complexity of Growing Up with Malaria--Is Scientific Understanding Coming of Age?Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2016Article
- Health care resource utilization in untreated HIV-infected children in a pediatric programme, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, 2004-2009.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2013Article
- Immunomodulation in Plasmodium falciparum malaria: experiments in nature and their conflicting implications for potential therapeutic agents.Expert review of anti-infective therapy · 2012Review
- Diagnosis, clinical presentation, and in-hospital mortality of severe malaria in HIV-coinfected children and adults in Mozambique.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2012Article
- Unresolved antiretroviral treatment management issues in HIV-infected children.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2012Review
- The Impact of HIV Coinfection on Cerebral Malaria Pathogenesis.Journal of neuroparasitology · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection increases the burden of malaria by increasing susceptibility to infection and decreasing the response to malarial treatment. HIV-1 has also been found to suppress the immune system and predispose to severe forms of malaria in adults. There is still a paucity of data on the association between HIV-1 infection and cerebral malaria in children. The aim of this study was to determine whether HIV-1 infection is a risk factor for cerebral malaria in children.
methodWe conducted an unmatched case-control study, in which 100 children with cerebral malaria were compared with 132 with uncomplicated malaria and 120 with no malaria. In stratified analyses we estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for age.
resultsHIV-1 infection was present in 9% of children with cerebral malaria compared to 2.3% in uncomplicated malaria (age-adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 5.94 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.36-25.94, p = 0.012); and 2.5% in children with no malaria (aOR 3.85 (95% CI0.99-14.93, p = 0.037). The age-adjusted odds of being HIV-positive among children with cerebral malaria compared to the control groups (children with uncomplicated malaria and no malaria) was 4.98 (95% CI 1.54-16.07), p-value = 0.003.
conclusionsHIV-1 infection is associated with clinical presentation of cerebral malaria in children. Clinicians should ensure that children diagnosed with HIV infection are initiated on cotrimoxazole prophylaxis as soon as the diagnosis is made and caretakers counselled on the importance of adherence to the cotrimoxazole towards reducing the risk of acquiring P.falciparum malaria and associated complications such as cerebral malaria. Other malaria preventive measures such as use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets should also be emphasized during counselling sessions.
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