Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21235540›Full record

ArticleClinical and experimental immunology2011

Induction of β-defensins by l-isoleucine as novel immunotherapy in experimental murine tuberculosis.

C E Rivas-Santiago, B Rivas-Santiago, D A León, J Castañeda-Delgado, R Hernández Pando

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

C E Rivas-SantiagoExperimental Pathology Section, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Mexico City, Mexico.
B Rivas-Santiago
D A León
J Castañeda-Delgado
R Hernández Pando
Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas "Francisco García Salinas" · MXUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México · MX

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tuberculosis is a worldwide health problem, and multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively multidrug-resistant (XMDR) strains are rapidly emerging and threatening the control of this disease. These problems motivate the search for new treatment strategies. One potential strategy is immunotherapy using cationic anti-microbial peptides. The capacity of l-isoleucine to induce beta-defensin expression and its potential therapeutic efficiency were studied in a mouse model of progressive pulmonary tuberculosis. BALB/c mice were infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv or with a MDR clinical isolate by the intratracheal route. After 60 days of infection, when disease was in its progressive phase, mice were treated with 250 µg of intratracheal l-isoleucine every 48 h. Bacillary loads were determined by colony-forming units, protein and cytokine gene expression were determined by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), respectively, and tissue damage was quantified by automated morphometry. Administration of l-isoleucine induced a significant increase of beta-defensins 3 and 4 which was associated with decreased bacillary loads and tissue damage. This was seen in animals infected with the antibiotic-sensitive strain H37Rv and with the MDR clinical isolate. Thus, induction of beta-defensins might be a potential therapy that can aid in the control of this significant infectious disease.

Indexed as

Animalsbeta-DefensinsCell Line, TumorDisease Models, AnimalDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialGene Expression RegulationHumansImmunohistochemistryImmunotherapyIsoleucineLungMaleMiceMice, Inbred BALB CMycobacterium tuberculosisReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reactionbeta-defensin 3, mousebeta-DefensinsDEFB4A protein, humanDefb4 protein, mouseIsoleucine

Identifiers

PMID21235540
PMCPMC3074220
OpenAlexW1866264361

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.