ArticleInternational journal for parasitology2011
Extraordinary Trypanosoma cruzi diversity within single mammalian reservoir hosts implies a mechanism of diversifying selection.
Article in International journal for parasitology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Distribution, host origin, and transmission cycles of Trypanosoma cruzi genotypes in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Vaccines against chronicExpert review of vaccines · 2026Review
- Vampire bats in Belize harbor multiple Trypanosoma cruzi genotypes: Implications for parasite transmission at the wildlife-domestic-human interface.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- Coinfection by multipleMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025Review
- Article
- Multilocus genetic analysis ofParasite epidemiology and control · 2024Article
- Chagas disease in immunocompromised patients.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Whole-genome assembly of a hybrid Trypanosoma cruzi strain assembled with Nanopore sequencing alone.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2024Article
- Amplicon Sequencing Reveals Complex Infection in Infants Congenitally Infected With Trypanosoma Cruzi and Informs the Dynamics of Parasite Transmission.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Whole Genome Assembly of a HybridbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Genome plasticity driven by aneuploidy and loss of heterozygosity inMicrobial genomics · 2022Article
- In vitro susceptibility to benznidazole, nifurtimox and posaconazole of Trypanosoma cruzi isolates from ParaguayBiomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud · 2020Article
- Culture-free genome-wide locus sequence typing (GLST) provides new perspectives on Trypanosoma cruzi dispersal and infection complexity.PLoS genetics · 2020Article
- Remarkable genetic diversity of Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma rangeli in two localities of southern Ecuador identified via deep sequencing of mini-exon gene amplicons.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- Dissecting the phyloepidemiology of Trypanosoma cruzi I (TcI) in Brazil by the use of high resolution genetic markers.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Article
- Evolutionary ecology of Chagas disease; what do we know and what do we need?Evolutionary applications · 2018Review
- Detailed ecological associations of triatomines revealed by metabarcoding and next-generation sequencing: implications for triatomine behavior and Trypanosoma cruzi transmission cycles.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Multilocus sequence typing: genetic diversity in Trypanosoma cruzi I (TcI) isolates from Brazilian didelphids.Parasites & vectors · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi is an evolutionarily ancient parasitic protozoan endemic to the Americas. Multiple genetic and phenotypic markers indicate that this parasite is highly diverse, with several divergent and discrete major genotypes reported. Infection multiclonality has been observed among numerous metazoan and unicellular endoparasitic species. However, few studies report the complexity of mixed infections within an individual host in any detail or consider their ecological and biological implications. Here we report extraordinary genetic diversity within single reservoir hosts of T. cruzi I using nine polymorphic microsatellite markers across 211 clones from eight mammals from three different sylvatic foci in South America. Forty-nine distinct multilocus genotypes were defined, with as many as 10 isolated from the same host. We discuss our data in the light of previous population genetic studies of this and related parasitic protozoa and contrast high levels of diversity within each host with the precarious nature of T. cruzi contaminative vectorial transmission. Finally, we propose that non-neutral processes could easily account for the diversity we observe and suggest a functional link with survival in the host.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.