ArticleBiology of reproduction2011
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases PARP1 and PARP2 modulate topoisomerase II beta (TOP2B) function during chromatin condensation in mouse spermiogenesis.
Article in Biology of reproduction, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Counteraction of HMGB1 at ss-dsDNA junctions maintains liquidity of protamine-DNA co-condensates.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Counteraction of HMGB1 at ss-dsDNA junctions maintains liquidity of protamine-DNA co-condensates.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- G-quadruplex structures are key regulators of mammalian spermatogenesis.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2026Article
- The Chromatin Configuration Promotes Constitutional Chromosomal Rearrangements in Post-Meiotic Sperm.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Review
- Review
- Reproductive Ageing: Current insights and a potential role of NAD in the reproductive health of aging fathers and their children.Reproduction (Cambridge, England) · 2024Review
- Specific and shared biological functions of PARP2 - is PARP2 really a lil' brother of PARP1?Expert reviews in molecular medicine · 2024Review
- Synthesis and Degradation of Poly(ADP-ribose) in Zebrafish Brain Exposed to Aluminum.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Nucleosomes in mammalian sperm: conveying paternal epigenetic inheritance or subject to reprogramming between generations?Current opinion in genetics & development · 2023Review
- Untangling the roles of TOP2A and TOP2B in transcription and cancer.Science advances · 2022Review
- Integration of sperm ncRNA-directed DNA methylation and DNA methylation-directed histone retention in epigenetic transgenerational inheritance.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2021Article
- Insights into the Mechanism of Bovine Spermiogenesis Based on Comparative Transcriptomic Studies.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Histone Post-Translational Modifications and CircRNAs in Mouse and Human Spermatozoa: Potential Epigenetic Marks to Assess Human Sperm Quality.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Mapping DNA Topoisomerase Binding and Cleavage Genome Wide Using Next-Generation Sequencing Techniques.Genes · 2020Review
- Review
- Multigenerational impacts of bile exposure are mediated by TGR5 signaling pathways.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- TOP2B: The First Thirty Years.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Density dependent re-tuning of autoreactive T cells alleviates their pathogenicity in a lymphopenic environment.Immunology letters · 2017Article
- Understanding sperm DNA fragmentation.Translational andrology and urology · 2017Article
- Improvement of gamete quality by stimulating and feeding the endogenous antioxidant system: mechanisms, clinical results, insights on gene-environment interactions and the role of diet.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2016Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
To achieve the specialized nuclear structure in sperm necessary for fertilization, dramatic chromatin reorganization steps in developing spermatids are required where histones are largely replaced first by transition proteins and then by protamines. This entails the transient formation of DNA strand breaks to allow for, first, DNA relaxation and then chromatin compaction. However, the nature and origin of these breaks are not well understood. We previously reported that these DNA strand breaks trigger the activation of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymerases PARP1 and PARP2 and that interference with PARP activation causes poor chromatin integrity with abnormal retention of histones in mature sperm and impaired embryonic survival. Here we show that the activity of topoisomerase II beta (TOP2B), an enzyme involved in DNA strand break formation in elongating spermatids, is strongly inhibited by the activity of PARP1 and PARP2 in vitro, and this is in turn counteracted by the PAR-degrading activity of PAR glycohydrolase. Moreover, genetic and pharmacological PARP inhibition both lead to increased TOP2B activity in murine spermatids in vivo as measured by covalent binding of TOP2B to the DNA. In summary, the available data suggest a functional relationship between the DNA strand break-generating activity of TOP2B and the DNA strand break-dependent activation of PARP enzymes that in turn inhibit TOP2B. Because PARP activity also facilitates histone H1 linker removal and local chromatin decondensation, cycles of PAR formation and degradation may be necessary to coordinate TOP2B-dependent DNA relaxation with histone-to-protamine exchange necessary for spermatid chromatin remodeling.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.