Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21227927›Full record

ArticleNucleic acids research2011

An upstream ORF with non-AUG start codon is translated in vivo but dispensable for translational control of GCN4 mRNA.

Fan Zhang, Alan G Hinnebusch

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nucleic acids research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Fan ZhangLaboratory of Gene Regulation and Development, Eunice K Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Alan G Hinnebusch
National Institutes of Health · US

Funding

Translational & Transcriptional Control Of Gene Expression By Nutrients In YeastZIAHD001004 · NICHD · EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT · PI HINNEBUSCH, ALAN G · 2009 to 2025
$34.4M
Intramural NIH HHS
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genome-wide analysis of ribosome locations in mRNAs of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has revealed the translation of upstream open reading frames that initiate with near-cognate start codons in many transcripts. Two such non-translation initiation codon (AUG)-initiated upstream open reading frames (uORFs) (nAuORFs 1 and 2) occur in GCN4 mRNA upstream of the four AUG-initiated uORFs (uORFs 1-4) that regulate GCN4 translation. We verified that nAuORF2 is translated in vivo by demonstrating β-galactosidase production from lacZ coding sequences fused to nAuORF2, in a manner abolished by replacing its non-AUG initiation codon (AUA) start codon with the non-cognate triplet AAA, whereas translation of nAuORF1 was not detected. Importantly, replacing the near-cognate start codons of both nAuORFs with non-cognate triplets had little or no effect on the repression of GCN4 translation in non-starved cells, nor on its derepression in response to histidine limitation, nutritional shift-down or treatment with rapamycin, hydrogen peroxide or methyl methanesulfonate. Additionally, we found no evidence that initiation from the AUA codon of nAuORF2 is substantially elevated, or dependent on Gcn2, the sole eIF2α kinase of yeast, in histidine-deprived cells. Thus, although nAuORF2 is translated in vivo, it appears that this event is not stimulated by eIF2α phosphorylation nor significantly influences GCN4 translational induction under various starvation or stress conditions.

Indexed as

Codon, InitiatorOpen Reading FramesProtein BiosynthesisAlcohol OxidoreductasesAminohydrolasesBase SequenceBasic-Leucine Zipper Transcription FactorsHistidineMolecular Sequence DataProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesPyrophosphatasesRNA, MessengerSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsAlcohol OxidoreductasesAminohydrolasesBasic-Leucine Zipper Transcription FactorsCodon, InitiatorGCN2 protein, S cerevisiaeGCN4 protein, S cerevisiaeHIS4 protein, S cerevisiaeHistidineProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesPyrophosphatasesRNA, MessengerSaccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins

Identifiers

PMID21227927
PMCPMC3082883
OpenAlexW2128821066

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.