ArticleChinese medicine2011
Misdiagnosis and undiagnosis due to pattern similarity in Chinese medicine: a stochastic simulation study using pattern differentiation algorithm.
Article in Chinese medicine, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Predicting TCM patterns in PCOS patients: An exploration of feature selection methods and multi-label machine learning models.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Effects of diagnostic errors in pattern differentiation and acupuncture prescription: a single-blinded, interrater agreement study.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2015Article
- Evidence-based practice of Chinese medicine in physical rehabilitation science.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2013Review
- Pulse waveform analysis as a bridge between pulse examination in Chinese medicine and cardiology.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2013Review
- Immediate effects of acupuncture on biceps brachii muscle function in healthy and post-stroke subjects.Chinese medicine · 2012Article
- Chinese medicine pattern differentiation and its implications for clinical practice.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2011Review
- Zangfu zheng (patterns) are associated with clinical manifestations of zang shang (target-organ damage) in arterial hypertension.Chinese medicine · 2011Article
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Abstract
backgroundWhether pattern similarity causes misdiagnosis and undiagnosis in Chinese medicine is unknown. This study aims to test the effect of pattern similarity and examination methods on diagnostic outcomes of pattern differentiation algorithm (PDA).
methodsA dataset with 73 Zangfu single patterns was used with manifestations according to the Four Examinations, namely inspection (Ip), auscultation and olfaction (AO), inquiry (Iq) and palpation (P). PDA was applied to 100 true positive and 100 true negative manifestation profiles per pattern in simulation. Four runs of simulations were used according to the Four Examinations: Ip, Ip+AO, Ip+AO+Iq and Ip+AO+Iq+P. Three pattern differentiation outcomes were separated, namely correct diagnosis, misdiagnosis and undiagnosis. Outcomes frequencies, dual pattern similarity and pattern-dataset similarity were calculated.
resultsDual pattern similarity was associated with Four Examinations (gamma = -0.646, P < 0.01). Combination of Four Examinations was associated (gamma = -0.618, P < 0.01) with decreasing frequencies of pattern differentiation errors, being less influenced by pattern-dataset similarity (Ip: gamma = 0.684; Ip+AO: gamma = 0.660; Ip+AO+Iq: gamma = 0.398; Ip+AO+Iq+P: gamma = 0.286, P < 0.01 for all combinations).
conclusionApplied in an incremental manner, Four Examinations progressively reduce the association between pattern similarity and pattern differentiation outcome and are recommended to avoid misdiagnosis and undiagnosis due to similarity.
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