ArticleArthritis care & research2011
Independent and combined influence of homeownership, occupation, education, income, and community poverty on physical health in persons with arthritis.
Article in Arthritis care & research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Racial-Ethnic Differences in Osteoarthritis Pain and Disability: A Meta-Analysis.The journal of pain · 2019Pooled it
- Structural Inequities and Chronic Disease in Fresno County: A Narrative Review and Multi-sectoral Framework.Cureus · 2026Review
- The Uneven Effect of Rare Diseases on Functional Status and Work Capacity.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Geographic Socioeconomic Influences on Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis in an Academic and Safety Net Hospital System.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Article
- Obesity and the Development of Arthritis Among Adults in the United States Using NHANES Data.Clinical medicine insights. Arthritis and musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Article
- Social Determinants of Health Documentation Among Individuals With Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Conditions in an Integrated Care Management Program.Arthritis care & research · 2023Article
- Home ownership, full-time employment, and other markers of higher socioeconomic status are predictive of shorter time to initial evaluation, shorter time to surgery, and superior postoperative outcomes among lateral patellar instability patients undergoing medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction.Knee surgery & related research · 2023Article
- The association of socio-economic and psychological factors with limitations in day-to-day activity over 7 years in newly diagnosed osteoarthritis patients.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Socioeconomic Disparities in Functional Status in a National Sample of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis.JAMA network open · 2021Article
- Comorbid Arthritis Is Associated With Lower Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults With Other Chronic Conditions, United States, 2013-2014.Preventing chronic disease · 2017Article
- Socioeconomic disparities in the health of african americans with rheumatoid arthritis from the southeastern United States.Arthritis care & research · 2014Article
- [Sex-specific differences of the immune system].Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2014Review
- Individual and community socioeconomic status: impact on mental health in individuals with arthritis.Arthritis · 2014Article
- Independent influences of current and childhood socioeconomic status on health outcomes in a North Carolina family practice sample of arthritis patients.Arthritis care & research · 2013Article
- Associations of educational attainment, occupation, and community poverty with hip osteoarthritis.Arthritis care & research · 2013Article
- Coping with prescription medication costs: a cross-sectional look at strategies used and associations with the physical and psychosocial health of individuals with arthritis.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2012Article
- Social determinants and osteoarthritis outcomes.Aging health · 2012Article
- Associations of educational attainment, occupation and community poverty with knee osteoarthritis in the Johnston County (North Carolina) osteoarthritis project.Arthritis research & therapy · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine the independent and combined influence of individual- and community-level socioeconomic status (SES) measures on physical health status outcomes in people with self-reported arthritis.
methodsFrom 2004-2005, 968 participants completed a telephone survey assessing health status, chronic conditions, community characteristics, and sociodemographic variables. Individual-level SES measures used included homeownership, occupation (professional or not), educational attainment (less than high school, high school degree, and more than high school), and income (<$15,000, $15,000-$45,000, and >$45,000). Community poverty (2000 US Census block group percentage of individuals living below the poverty line [low, medium, and high]) was used as a community-level SES measure. Outcomes were physical functioning (Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 12 version 2 physical component summary [PCS]), functional disability (Health Assessment Questionnaire [HAQ]), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) Healthy Days physical and limited activity days, and were analyzed via multivariable regressions.
resultsWhen entered separately, all individual-level SES variables were significantly (P < 0.01) associated with poorer PCS, HAQ, and CDC HRQOL scores. A higher magnitude of effect was seen for household income, specifically <$15,000 per year in final models with all 4 individual SES measures and community poverty. The magnitude of effect for education is reduced and marginally significant for the PCS and number of physically unhealthy days. No effects were seen for occupation, homeownership, and community poverty.
conclusionFindings confirm that after adjusting for important covariates, lower individual- and community-level SES measures are associated with poorer physical health outcomes, while household income is the strongest predictor (as measured by both significance and effect) of poorer health status in final models. Studies not having participant-reported income available should make use of other SES measures, as they do independently predict physical health.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.