Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21224224›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of physiology2011

Lateral transmission of force is impaired in skeletal muscles of dystrophic mice and very old rats.

Krishnan S Ramaswamy, Mark L Palmer, Jack H van der Meulen, Abigail Renoux, Tatiana Y Kostrominova, Daniel E Michele, John A Faulkner

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of physiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 155 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
155citing papers in PubMed
5.9field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

155 citing papers in PubMed, 230 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
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  4. Muscle fibre denervation in ageing.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2026
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  6. Myotendinous Junction development and repair.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026
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  7. Cardiac myofibril networks induce shear stress.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2026
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  8. Eccentric Exercise and Muscle Damage: An Introductory Guide.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026
    Review
  9. Pathogenic mechanisms and clinical insights intoJournal of neuromuscular diseases · 2025
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. The road toward AAV-mediated gene therapy of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

95 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Krishnan S RamaswamyDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2200, USA.
Mark L Palmer
Jack H van der Meulen
Abigail Renoux
Tatiana Y Kostrominova
Daniel E Michele
John A Faulkner
Laboratoire d’immunologie intégrative du cancer · FRPlastic Surgery Hospital · CNUniversity of Michigan–Ann Arbor · US

Funding

Research DevelopmentP30AG013283 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI MILLER, RICHARD A · 1995 to 2014
$12.3M
THE FLY HEART: A MODEL FOR AGED-RELATED CHANGES IN CARDIAC PERFORMANCEP01AG015434 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI METZGER, JOSEPH MARK · 1998 to 2007
$8.8M
Cardiomyopathy in muscular dystrophiesR01HL080388 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI MICHELE, DANIEL E · 2006 to 2010
$1.8M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL080388NHLBI NIH HHS R01-HL080388NIA NIH HHS P01 AG015434NIA NIH HHS P01 AG15434NIA NIH HHS P30 AG013283NIA NIH HHS P30 AG13283
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The dystrophin–glycoprotein complex (DGC) provides an essential link from the muscle fibre cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. In dystrophic humans and mdx mice, mutations in the dystrophin gene disrupt the structure of the DGC causing severe damage to muscle fibres. In frog muscles, transmission of force laterally from an activated fibre to the muscle surface occurs without attenuation, but lateral transmission of force has not been demonstrated in mammalian muscles. A unique ‘yoke' apparatus was developed that attached to the epimysium of muscles midway between the tendons and enabled the measurement of lateral force. We now report that in muscles of young wild-type (WT) mice and rats, compared over a wide range of longitudinal forces, forces transmitted laterally showed little or no decrement. In contrast, for muscles of mdx mice and very old rats, forces transmitted laterally were impaired severely. Muscles of both mdx mice and very old rats showed major reductions in the expression of dystrophin. We conclude that during contractions, forces developed by skeletal muscles of young WT mice and rats are transmitted laterally from fibre to fibre through the DGC without decrement. In contrast, in muscles of dystrophic or very old animals, disruptions in DGC structure and function impair lateral transmission of force causing instability and increased susceptibility of fibres to contraction-induced injury.

Indexed as

AgingAnimalsBlotting, WesternDystrophinMaleMiceMice, Inbred mdxMuscle ContractionMuscle, SkeletalMuscle StrengthMuscular Dystrophy, AnimalRatsDystrophin

Identifiers

PMID21224224
PMCPMC3060596
OpenAlexW2103358381

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.