ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011
Vibrio vulnificus rtxA1 gene recombination generates toxin variants with altered potency during intestinal infection.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- Emergence, climate-driven expansion, and diversification of a EuropeanEmerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Diversity and evolution of leukotoxin operons inmSystems · 2026Article
- Article
- Phylogenetic Characterization ofFoodborne pathogens and disease · 2025Article
- Vibrio vulnificus Bacteremia With Compartment Syndrome: A Case Report and Characterization of the Isolate.Cureus · 2024Article
- Biantennary N-glycans As Receptors for MARTX Toxins inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Dissemination of pathogenic bacteria is reinforced by a MARTX toxin effector duet.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Article
- Genome analysis of clinical genotypeThe veterinary quarterly · 2023Article
- TheAccess microbiology · 2023Article
- Stress Responses in Pathogenic Vibrios and Their Role in Host and Environmental Survival.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Article
- Article
- Heterologously secreted MbxA from Moraxella bovis induces a membrane blebbing response of the human host cell.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Genome sequence and pathogenicity of Vibrio vulnificus strain MCCC 1A08743 isolated from contaminated prawns.Biology open · 2022Article
- Actin Cross-Linking Effector Domain of theInfection and immunity · 2022Article
- Targeting the "undruggable" RAS with biologics.Advances in cancer research · 2022Review
- Iron-Utilization System inMarine drugs · 2021Review
- The widespread presence of a family of fish virulence plasmids inEmerging microbes & infections · 2021Article
- TolCV1 Has Multifaceted Roles DuringFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Vibrio vulnificus is a food-borne bacterial pathogen associated with 1% of all food-related deaths, predominantly because of consumption of contaminated seafood. The ability of V. vulnificus to cause disease is linked to the production of a large cytotoxin called the "multifunctional-autoprocessing RTX" (MARTX(Vv)) toxin, a factor shown here to be an important virulence factor by the intragastric route of infection in mice. In this study, we examined genetic variation of the rtxA1 gene that encodes MARTX(Vv) in 40 V. vulnificus Biotype 1 strains and found four distinct variants of rtxA1 that encode toxins with different arrangements of effector domains. We provide evidence that these variants arose by recombination either with rtxA genes carried on plasmids or with the rtxA gene of Vibrio anguillarum. Contrary to expected results, the most common rtxA1 gene variant in clinical-type V. vulnificus encodes a toxin with reduced potency and is distinct from the toxin produced by strains isolated from market oysters. These results indicate that an important virulence factor of V. vulnificus is undergoing significant genetic rearrangement and may be subject to selection for reduced virulence in the environment. This finding would imply further that in the future on-going genetic variation of the MARTX(Vv) toxins could result in the emergence of novel strains with altered virulence in humans.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.