Trial reportProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011
Oxytocin promotes human ethnocentrism.
Trial report in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01834261 (Computational Modeling of Oxytocin in the Regulation of Trust), which is not on this map. Cited by 208 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Computational Modeling of Oxytocin in the Regulation of Trust
Who cites it
208 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Moral judgment and hormones: A systematic literature review.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- The effect of intranasal oxytocin on neural response to facial emotions in healthy adults as measured by functional MRI: A systematic review.Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging · 2018Pooled it
- Neural substrates underlying the effects of oxytocin: a quantitative meta-analysis of pharmaco-imaging studies.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2017Pooled it
- Oxytocin's role in dual pathways of dishonesty: distinguishing conformity-driven and self-interest-driven behaviours.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2025Trial
- The effects of intranasal oxytocin on the efficacy of psychotherapy for major depressive disorder: a pilot randomized controlled trial.Psychological medicine · 2024Trial
- Alarm or emotion? intranasal oxytocin helps determine information conveyed by dog barks for adult male human listeners.BMC ecology and evolution · 2024Trial
- Oxytocin and vasopressin modulation of prisoner's dilemma strategies.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2020Trial
- Acute effects of oxytocin in music performance anxiety: a crossover, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.Psychopharmacology · 2020Trial
- Low-dose intranasal oxytocin delivered with Breath Powered device modulates pupil diameter and amygdala activity: a randomized controlled pupillometry and fMRI study.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2019Trial
- Neurobiological Mechanisms of Responding to Injustice.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2018Trial
- Oxytocin promotes altruistic punishment.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2017Trial
- Electrophysiological correlates of oxytocin-induced enhancement of social performance monitoring.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2017Trial
- Oxytocin-enforced norm compliance reduces xenophobic outgroup rejection.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Trial
- Microbial lysate upregulates host oxytocin.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2017Trial
- Oxytocin enhances inter-brain synchrony during social coordination in male adults.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2016Trial
- Oxytocin Effect on Collective Decision Making: A Randomized Placebo Controlled Study.PloS one · 2016Trial
- Oxytocin increases bias, but not accuracy, in face recognition line-ups.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2015Trial
- Oxytocin tempers calculated greed but not impulsive defense in predator-prey contests.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2015Trial
- Intranasal administration of oxytocin increases compassion toward women.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2015Trial
- Attentional control and interpretation of facial expression after oxytocin administration to typically developed male adults.PloS one · 2015Trial
148 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human ethnocentrism--the tendency to view one's group as centrally important and superior to other groups--creates intergroup bias that fuels prejudice, xenophobia, and intergroup violence. Grounded in the idea that ethnocentrism also facilitates within-group trust, cooperation, and coordination, we conjecture that ethnocentrism may be modulated by brain oxytocin, a peptide shown to promote cooperation among in-group members. In double-blind, placebo-controlled designs, males self-administered oxytocin or placebo and privately performed computer-guided tasks to gauge different manifestations of ethnocentric in-group favoritism as well as out-group derogation. Experiments 1 and 2 used the Implicit Association Test to assess in-group favoritism and out-group derogation. Experiment 3 used the infrahumanization task to assess the extent to which humans ascribe secondary, uniquely human emotions to their in-group and to an out-group. Experiments 4 and 5 confronted participants with the option to save the life of a larger collective by sacrificing one individual, nominated as in-group or as out-group. Results show that oxytocin creates intergroup bias because oxytocin motivates in-group favoritism and, to a lesser extent, out-group derogation. These findings call into question the view of oxytocin as an indiscriminate "love drug" or "cuddle chemical" and suggest that oxytocin has a role in the emergence of intergroup conflict and violence.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.