SynthesisDrug and alcohol review2011
Areas of disadvantage: a systematic review of effects of area-level socioeconomic status on substance use outcomes.
Synthesis in Drug and alcohol review, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 142 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
142 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Life Course Assessment of Area-Based Social Disadvantage: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Using structured implementation interventions to improve referral to substance use treatment among justice-involved youth: Findings from a multisite cluster randomized trial.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2022Trial
- Effects of a federal housing voucher experiment on adolescent binge drinking: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2019Trial
- Social rank and inhalant drug use: the case of lança perfume use in São Paulo, Brazil.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2013Trial
- A cross-sectional and prospective examination of alcohol use and misuse among adult twin and sibling pairs discordant for neighborhood socio-economic disadvantage.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- Association between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Binge Drinking among Adults: The Moderating Effect of Race/Ethnicity.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Prospective and cross-sectional associations of neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage with drinking and heavy drinking in mid-adulthood in a US national cohort.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Article
- Modeling the Associations Between Personality, Cognition, and Social Determinants in Relation to Substance Use Disorder Severity in Community Adults.Substance use & misuse · 2026Article
- Place-based risk: Examining relationships between adolescent perceptions of community risk factors and adolescent substance use across geographic contexts.American journal of community psychology · 2026Article
- Beyond social disorganization: Family SES, neighborhood context, and adolescent alcohol use.SSM - population health · 2026Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of poor lifestyle behaviours in survivors of childhood cancer: a PanCareFollowUp substudy.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2026Article
- Associations between neighbourhood characteristics, alcohol use patterns, and physical activity in midlife - the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Article
- Spatial Patterns of Opioid Overdose Mortality Risk Across Urban, Transitional, and Rural Communities Using Satellite-Derived and Socioeconomic Indicators.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026Article
- Application of intersectionality framework and area-level indicators in machine learning analysis of depression disparities in all of us research program data.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Neighborhood Social Disorganization in Early Adolescence and Substance Use Trajectories into Young Adulthood: The Moderating Role of Effortful Control and Parental Substance Use.Journal of youth and adolescence · 2026Article
- Safety Net Programs as Primary Prevention Against Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) in the United States: Natural Experiments with Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Prospective associations of subjective and objective neighborhood disadvantage with cannabis and nicotine vaping among Southern California adolescents.Health & place · 2025Article
- Associations of community socioeconomic factors and opioid use disorder across an urban-to-rural spectrum in Pennsylvania: an electronic health record-based case-control study.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Article
82 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
issuesThis review examines whether area-level disadvantage is associated with increased substance use and whether study results are impacted by the size of the area examined, definition of socioeconomic status (SES), age or ethnicity of participants, outcome variables or analytic techniques. APPROACH: Five electronic databases and the reference sections of identified papers were searched to locate studies of the effects of area-level SES on substance use published through the end of 2007 in English-language, peer-reviewed journals or books. The 41 studies that met inclusion criteria included 238 effects, with a subsample of 34 studies (180 effects) used for the main analyses. Study findings were stratified by methodological characteristics and synthesised using generalised estimating equations to account for clustering of effects within studies. KEY
findingsThere was strong evidence that substance use outcomes cluster by geographic area, but there was limited and conflicting support for the hypothesis that area-level disadvantage is associated with increased substance use. Support for the disadvantage hypothesis appeared to vary by sample age and ethnicity, size of area examined, type of SES measure, specific outcome considered and analysis techniques. IMPLICATIONS: Future studies should use rigorous methods to yield more definitive conclusions about the effects of area-level SES on alcohol and drug outcomes, including composite measures of SES and both bivariate and multivariate analyses.
conclusionFurther research is needed to identify confounds of the relationship between area-level SES and substance use and to explain why the effects of area-level SES vary by outcome and residents' age.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.