ReviewAnnual review of immunology2011
HMGB1 is a therapeutic target for sterile inflammation and infection.
Review in Annual review of immunology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 803 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
803 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 1,391 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Sepsis-associated endothelial dysfunction: clinical phenotypes, biomarkers, bedside evidence, and translational implications.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Endothelial TLR4 at the Crossroads of Vascular Senescence and Targeted Senotherapeutics.Aging cell · 2026Review
- A mitoxyperiosis-associated gene signature correlates with immune disturbance and provides a potential diagnostic biomarker for systemic lupus erythematosus.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Polydeoxyribonucleotide Attenuates Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Liver Injury Through ALife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- HMGB1 as a danger signal in vascular remodeling.The Korean journal of physiology & pharmacology : official journal of the Korean Physiological Society and the Korean Society of Pharmacology · 2026Review
- Early Postoperative Inflammatory Indices Predict Long-Term Neuro-ICU Stay in Patients Requiring Prolonged Care After Supratentorial Brain Tumor Resection: Development and Validation of an Integrated Model.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- The role of HMGB1 in vascular endothelial cells.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Review
- A spatial multi-omics atlas of immunosenescence reveals germinal-center B cell dysfunction in human lymph nodes.Cell press blue · 2026Article
- Recombinant Klotho Protein Protects Tissues by Mitigating the Detrimental Effects of Sterile Inflammation After Hemorrhagic Shock.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2026Article
- Protein glycoxidation in neuropsychiatric disorders-from basic research to clinical practice.Redox biology · 2026Review
- IL‑17AInternational journal of molecular medicine · 2026Article
- A honeysuckle-decorated nanoimmunomodulator hijacks Macrophage-BMSC crosstalk to promote arthritic regeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Detection of Calpain-Mediated Beclin-1 Cleavage for Drug Discovery in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.Cells · 2026Article
- Sex-Specific Reversal of Stress-Induced Depressogenic Behaviors by Inhibition of HMGB1, TLR4, and NF-κB Signaling.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- PAF Triggered Pyroptotic NETosis Aggravates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- HMGB1-mediated neuroinflammation: molecular mechanisms and emerging therapeutic approaches.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Nociceptor neurons shape antiviral immunity.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Targeted temperature management at 33 and 36 °C mitigates contrast-induced acute kidney injury.Scientific reports · 2026Article
743 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
A key question in immunology concerns how sterile injury activates innate immunity to mediate damaging inflammation in the absence of foreign invaders. The discovery that HMGB1, a ubiquitous nuclear protein, mediates the activation of innate immune responses led directly to the understanding that HMGB1 plays a critical role at the intersection of the host inflammatory response to sterile and infectious threat. HMGB1 is actively released by stimulation of the innate immune system with exogenous pathogen-derived molecules and is passively released by ischemia or cell injury in the absence of invasion. Established molecular mechanisms of HMGB1 binding and signaling through TLR4 reveal signaling pathways that mediate cytokine release and tissue damage. Experimental strategies that selectively target HMGB1 and TLR4 effectively reverse and prevent activation of innate immunity and significantly attenuate damage in diverse models of sterile and infection-induced threat.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.