ArticleSexually transmitted diseases2011
Association between participant self-report and biological outcomes used to measure sexual risk behavior in human immunodeficiency virus-1-seropositive female sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya.
Article in Sexually transmitted diseases, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Trial
- MORTALITY RISK INFORMATION, SURVIVAL EXPECTATIONS AND SEXUAL BEHAVIOURS.Economic journal (London, England) · 2024Article
- Brief Report: Incidence and Correlates of Pregnancy in HIV-Positive Kenyan Sex Workers.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2020Article
- A Prospective Cohort Study of Fertility Desire, Unprotected Sex, and Detectable Viral Load in HIV-Positive Female Sex Workers in Mombasa, Kenya.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Article
- Article
- A Prospective Cohort Study of Intimate Partner Violence and Unprotected Sex in HIV-Positive Female Sex Workers in Mombasa, Kenya.AIDS and behavior · 2016Article
- HIV Prevalence, Estimated Incidence, and Risk Behaviors Among People Who Inject Drugs in Kenya.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2015Article
- A 15-year study of the impact of community antiretroviral therapy coverage on HIV incidence in Kenyan female sex workers.AIDS (London, England) · 2015Article
- Article
- Incidence and correlates of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in a high-risk cohort of Kenyan women.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2013Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFew studies have examined the association between self-reported sexual risk behaviors and biologic outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-seropositive African adults.
methodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study in 898 HIV-1-seropositive women who reported engaging in transactional sex in Mombasa, Kenya. Primary outcome measures included detection of sperm in genital secretions, pregnancy, and sexually transmitted infections. Because 3 outcomes were evaluated, data are presented with odds ratios [OR] and 96.7% confidence intervals [CI] to reflect that we would reject a null hypothesis if a P-value was ≤0.033 (Simes' methodology).
resultsDuring 2404 person-years of follow-up, self-reported unprotected intercourse was associated with significantly higher likelihood of detecting sperm in genital secretions (OR: 2.32, 96.7% CI: 1.93, 2.81), and pregnancy (OR: 2.78, 96.7% CI: 1.57, 4.92), but not with detection of sexually transmitted infections (OR: 1.20, 96.7% CI: 0.98, 1.48). At visits where women reported being sexually active, having >1 sex partner in the past week was associated with lower likelihood of detecting sperm in genital secretions (OR: 0.74, 96.7% CI: 0.56, 0.98). This association became nonsignificant after adjustment for reported condom use (adjusted OR: 0.81, 96.7% CI: 0.60, 1.08).
conclusionsCombining behavioral and biologic outcomes, which provide complementary information, is advantageous for understanding sexual risk behavior in populations at risk for transmitting HIV-1. The paradoxical relationship between higher numbers of sex partners and less frequent identification of sperm in genital secretions highlights the potential importance of context-specific behavior, such as condom use dependent on partner type, when evaluating sexual risk behavior.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.